Mineral Based Industries Flashcards
Define Mineral based industries
Mineral based industries are those industries which use minerals as raw material
and are major components for growth and industrial development
Why are iron and steel industry considered as the backbone of industrial development?
It provides raw materials for making industrial machinery
It provides electrical machinery
It provides railway tracks, engines
The quantity of steel produced and its per capita consumption reflects the level of industrialization and economic development in a country
First attempt to produce iron and steel on modern lines was made at ______
Port Novo, Tamil Nadu
Pig Iron was successfully made at ______
Kulti ( Bengal Iron Work Company )
Raw materials for production of iron
- Iron ore
- Coal
- Manganese
- limestone
- Silica
- Chromate
- Feldspar
- Scrap Iron
- Flux
- Fuel
___ is used for hardening of steel and also for removing impurities
Manganese
What is galvanizing done for and using what?
Steel Products are Galvanized to make them rust free.
It is done using chromium, nickel and tungsten
3 process of steel making
- Ore reduction
- Deoxidation in steel melting furnaces
- Rolling
Impurities in Iron ore (4 impurities)
Silica
Lime
Phosphorus
Sulphur
Briefly describe Ore Reduction
- It is carried out in a blast furnace
- Coal and iron ore along with small amounts of limestone and dolomite (as flux) are added to the blast furnace
- The flux helps combine all impurities as an ore, known as slag, which settles above the molten iron and can easily be separated
- The produced iron is known as pig iron and can be collected at regular intervals
- It can be converted to wrought iron, steel and cast iron
Briefly explain Steel Melting furnaces
The pig iron contains up to 5 per cent of carbon and other impurities
These impurities are removed to create steel through deoxidation
Hardening agents like carbon and manganese are further added to this mixture
What is done in rolling mills
The steel produced is cast into ingots and rolled into different sizes
Difference between Large Integrated Iron and Steel Plants, Mini Steel plants
(i) All processes from Raw materials to the water supply is located and done in one place (i) Only Electrical furnaces are present at mini steel plants and require separate units for completing the process of steel manufacturing.
(ii) Require heavy capital investment, Do not require heavy investments.
SAIL full form
Steel Authority of India Limited
Number of SAIL in the Public Sector
Durgapur Bhilai Burnpur Bokaro Rourkela
