Wartime Germany - Dates Flashcards

1
Q

Georg Elser attempts to assassinate Hitler

A

November 1939

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2
Q

France is invaded

A

May 1940

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3
Q

Nazi order to remove crucifixes from walls in Catholic Bavaria meets opposition

A

April 1941

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4
Q

Invasion of the Soviet Union; Operation Barbarossa begins

A

June 1941

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5
Q

Bishop von Galen publicly challenges the T4 programme

A

August 1941

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6
Q

Germany declares war on the USA

A

December 1941

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7
Q

The Wansee Conference

A

January 1942

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8
Q

German Sixth Army surrenders at Stalingrad (turning point in the war)

A

January 1943

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9
Q

Goebbels’s ‘Total War’ speech

A

February 1942

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10
Q

Executions of Hans and Sophia Scholl

A

February 1943

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11
Q

Operation Flash fails to kill Hitler

A

March 1943

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12
Q

Axis armies surrender in North Africa

A

May 1943

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13
Q

D-Day

A

June 1944

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14
Q

Bomb Plot fails to kill Hitler

A

July 1944

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15
Q

Dresden destroyed

A

February 1945

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16
Q

Bonhoffer executed

A

April 1945

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17
Q

Invasion of Poland

A

September 1939

18
Q

Dispute between Frank and Himmler over deportation of German Jews to General Government

A

1939-41

19
Q

By this time, racial policy in the General Government was controlled by the SS (Frank had been marginalised)

A

1941

20
Q

‘Operation Reinhard’ (building extermination camps to send surviving Jewish ghetto inhabitants)

A

1941

21
Q

Economic difficulties in Germany which led to the death of million of Polish Jews (foreign labourers needed feeding, thus killed of Jews so they didn’t need to be fed)

A

1941-42

22
Q

Operation Barbarossa

A

June 1942

23
Q

In Kiev in this year over a 2 day period, 33,000 Jews were murdered by the Einsatzgruppen

A

1941

24
Q

Goering gave Heydrich (Himmler’s deputy) an order to draft a plan for a ‘total solution of the Jewish Questions’

A

July 1941

25
Q

Himmler tells Rudolf Hess (commander of Auschwitz) that ‘The Fuhrer has ordered the final solution to the Jewish problem, and we, the SS, are to implement that order’

A

mid-1941

26
Q

Wannsee Conference

A

January 1942

27
Q

Killings in Auschwitz had been planned since this date (thus Wannsee not necessarily a huge turning point)

A

August 1941

28
Q

Law for compulsory Sterilisation of the Mentally ill

A

1933

29
Q

A-socials began to be sent to concentration camps

A

1935

30
Q

Reich Office for Combating Homosexuality set up (by Himmler - 50,000 homosexuals arrested)

A

1936

31
Q

45,000 Jews forced to emigrate due to anti-Semitism following Anschluss

A

1938

32
Q

Kristallnacht (20,000 Jews sent to concentration camps)

A

Nov 1938

33
Q

Aryanisation begins (Goering driven due to 4 Year Plan, excluding Jews from economic life)

A

1938

34
Q

SS establish the Reich Central Office for Emigration (promoting emigration of Jews out of Europe)

A

January 1939

35
Q

Euthenasia Aktion T4 programme launched

A

1939

36
Q

Madagascar Plan draw up (removal of 4 million European Jews to Madagascar, eventually abandoned by Hitler in 1941)

A

1940

37
Q

Einsatzgruppen carry out systematic massacres of Jews in Russia

A

June 1941

38
Q

Hitler remarks that “The Jews with be hanged one after the other until Germany is completely cleansed”

A

1922

39
Q

Date of Himmler’s appointment diary which states “meeting with Hitler about the Jewish Question: to be exterminated as partisans”

A

18 December 1941

40
Q

Hitler’s ‘New Year Message’ (saying that Jews will be the ‘victims of their own plots to exterminate Europe’)

A

1942

41
Q

Chelmo begin using Gaswagens (mobile gas chambers) as a result of Himmler’s influence

A

Dec 1941