Warning Systems

Question 1

(88, 90) RWS indications during takeoff (after nose strut extension) or approach and landing:

Answer 1

Increasing Performance

• Amber “WINDSHEAR” on both PFD and glareshield.
• NO aural warning.

Decreasing performance

• Red “WINDSHEAR” on both PFD and glareshield.
• Aural warning tone and three cycles of “WINDSHEAR”.

Question 2

(88, 90) RWS guidance during takeoff (after nose strut extension):

Answer 2

Increasing performance

• When “WIND SHR” is displayed on FMA pitch window, pitch guidance is available through the autopilot and/or F/D.
• “WIND SHR” flashes 5x on FMA, then becomes steady.
• The roll window will remain unchanged.

Decreasing performance

• When “WIND SHR” is displayed on the FMA pitch window, pitch guidance is available through the autopilot and/or F/D - “WIND SHR” flashes 5x on FMA, then becomes steady.
• Windshear roll guidance (wings level) is provided on F/D and “HDG HLD” will be displayed on FMA.

Question 3

(88, 90, 9) Recall RWS guidance during approach or landing: (Increasing Performance)

Answer 3

Increasing performance - Guidance is not activated during approach mode unless TOGA button is pressed or either engine EPR is within 95% of the max go-around EPR limit.
- w/ TOGA selected, or power at 95% of max go-around EPR limit, windshear guidance is available through autopilot and/or F/D.

• When “WIND SHR” is displayed on FMA pitch window, pitch guidance is available through autopilot and/or F/D.
• “WIND SHR” flashes 5x on FMA, then becomes steady.
• The roll window will remain unchanged.

Question 4

(88, 90, 9) Recall RWS guidance during approach or landing: (Decreasing Performance)

Answer 4

Decreasing performance - Guidance is not activated during approach mode unless TOGA button is pressed or either engine EPR is w/in 95% of the max go-around EPR limit.

• With TOGA selected, or power at 95% of the maximum go-around EPR limit, windshear guidance is available through the autopilot and/or F/D.
• When “WIND SHR” is displayed on the FMA pitch window, pitch guidance is available through autopilot and/or F/D.
• “WIND SHR” flashes 5x on FMA, then becomes steady.
• Windshear roll guidance (wings level) will be provided on flt director and “HDG HLD” will be displayed on the FMA

Question 5

(All) Describe over speed warning. Can overspeed warning system be silenced?

Answer 5

• CAWS will generate a “clacking” sound, alternating with spoken words “overspeed” or “slat overspeed” (as applicable).
• Warning indications remain active and cannot be silenced until overspeed condition is corrected.

Question 6

(All) Discuss the function of the Pitch Limit Indicator (PLI):

Answer 6

• PLI appears when airplane reaches 60 KIAS and airplane is at or below 1500 AGL.
• If slats are extended, PLI will be displayed at any altitude.
• PLI indicates relationship of airplane angle of attack and stick shaker angle of attack

Question 7

(All) Identify where TCAS target symbology is displayed:

Answer 7

• Symbology is displayed on TA/VSI Indicator and the Pedestal Radar.

Question 8

(All) Locate where TCAS RA guidance is displayed:

Answer 8

• TCAS RA guidance is displayed on the Outer Rose of TA/VSI indicator and through Voice Alerts.

Question 9

(All) Describe the symbol/color of a TCAS TA:

Answer 9

• Aural alert “TRAFFIC, TRAFFIC,”
• Solid amber circle on
- TA/VSI Indicator - and -
- Pedestal Radar - if -
Mode Selector is in TCAS or WX/TCAS.
• Relative altitude with a climb or descent arrow may be present.

Question 10

Symbol/color of a TCAS RA:

Answer 10

• Solid Red Square on the traffic display
• Colored arcs are added on the TA/VSI.
• Arcs identify desired vertical rates which will satisfy altitude separation standards.

Question 11

(All) Describe TCAS RA maneuver guidance:

Answer 11

• Disengage the autopilot and autothrottle.
• Smoothly adjust pitch and thrust to achieve/maintain vertical guidance indicated by green band on TA/VSI.
• Follow planned lateral flight path unless visual contact with conflicting traffic requires other action.

Question 12

(All) Purpose of GPWS and types of alerts it provides:

Answer 12

GPWS alerts crew when any of the following occurs:
• Excessive descent rate, “SINK RATE, SINK RATE,”
• Excessive terrain closure rate, “TERRAIN, TERRAIN,”
• Altitude loss after takeoff or go-around,
- “DON’T SINK, DON’T SINK,”
• Unsafe altitude while not in landing configuration,
- “TOO LOW GEAR” or, “TOO LOW FLAPS,”
• Descent below glide slope (below 1,000’ AGL),
- “GLIDELOPE, GLIDESLOPE,”
• Descent below Decision Height,
- “MINIMUMS, MINIMUMS.”

Note: “MINIMUMS, MINIMUMS” vocal is inhibited below 50±15 ft. So when DH is set to 50 ft, “MINIMUMS” vocal may be heard only once or not at all (no effect on DH light which has much tighter tolerance).

Question 13

(All) Recall when PWS alerts are available on takeoff or approach:

Answer 13

• PWS is active regardless of Wx radar switch position on Wx Radar Indicator. Crew is alerted by way of annunciation and audio announcement.
• During takeoff and landing new PWS CAUTION alerts are inhibited between 80 knots and 400’ RA, and new WARNING alerts between 100kts and 50’RA
• Below 2,300 feet RA windshear operations use alternate scan technique for radar and windshear detection.
• Windshear operation is transparent to crew unless alert is issued. However, crews may notice radar update rate delayed by as much as 12 sec due to sharing of processing between windshear and radar.
NOTE: If radar is in a non weather mode (OFF or TCAS only mode), the reaction time is greatly reduced.

PWS automatically begins scanning for windshear on ground when:
• Right throttle is set for takeoff. [CAUTION: Advancement of the right throttle beyond 2 1/8 units (approx. 80% N1) will activate PWS on the ground.]
• One engine is running.

PWS automatically begins scanning for windshear in the air when below 2,300 feet RA (predictive windshear alerts are issued below 1,200 feet RA).

Question 14

(All) Explain the meaning of the different colors displayed by the EGPWS:

Answer 14

Color & density vary based on terrain ht vs. airplane alt:
• Magenta: No terrain data available.
• Dotted Green: Terrain from 2,000 below to 500 below (250 with gear down) airplane’s current altitude.
• Dotted Amber: Terrain 500’ below (250 with gear down) to 2000’ above airplane’s current altitude.
• Dotted Red: Terrain more than 2000’ above the airplane’s current altitude.
• Solid Amber: Caution Terrain (approx 60 sec from impact).
• Solid Red: Warning Terrain (approx 30 sec from impact).

Question 15

(88, 90) Recall the conditions that will activate the landing gear configuration warning system with the gear not down and locked:

Answer 15

• Gear handle not down + flaps > 26° (not silenceable).

* Gear handle not down, any throttle fully retarded, with airspeed < 210kts and altitude < 1500 RA.

Question 16

(88, 90) Indications when approaching an MCP selected altitude:

Answer 16

• 750’ above/below the selected altitude, CAWS generates the ‘C’ chord tone and altimeter altitude advisory light comes on steady

Question 17

(88, 90) Recall the indications when departing an MCP selected altitude:

Answer 17

• Departing an MCP selected altitude by more than 250’, a steady ‘C’ chord sounds with an aural “ALTITUDE” and flashing altitude advisory light.

Question 18

(88, 90) Recall inhibit features associated with the fuel system or the GPWS:

Answer 18

• OAP message “CENTER FUEL PRESS LO” is inhibited when flaps ≥6°.
• GRD PROX WARN Switch OVRD inhibits “TOO LOW FLAPS” aural warning when landing is made with less than normal landing flap configuration.
• BELOW G/S Switchlight – Push to inhibit/cancel the “GLIDE SLOPE” warning below 1000’ RA.
• EGPWS OVRD Switchlight – White when pushed inhibits look-ahead terrain alerts and terrain display.
• GPWS is inhibited below 50’ (±15’).