War at sea Flashcards
When was the Battle of Heligoland?
28th August 1914
What happened in the Battle of Heligoland?
British ships attack on German destroyers
3 outcomes of the Battle of Heligoland
1) 3 german cruisers, 1 destroyers, 712 people killed.
2) 3 destroyers, 1 British cruise, 35 people killed
3) Caused all future action to be approved by Kaiser.
When was the German raid in Great Yarmouth
3rd November 1914
3 aims of German raids
1) To plant mines.
2) To create an ambush scenario
3) To split the British fleet
3 Results of the German raids
1) German Fleet laid mines at Great Yarmouth
2) Scarborough - killed 100 people and damaged properties.
3) Hartlepool - 1st kill on British soil by enemy fire in 200 years.
When was the German raid at Scarborough and Hartlepool.
December 16 1914
When was the Battle of Dogger Bank
24th of January 1915
What was the Battle of Dogger Bank about
British heard about an attack in the North sea, sent a fleet to suprise the Germans. Germans turned back and the British chased them
2 results of the Battle of Dogger Bank
1) German cruiser Blucher was sunk - 954 men died
2) Britain lose no ships - 15 men died
When was the start of the German naval blockade
4th February 1915
Submarine warfare
Tactic used by Germany’s navy to sink all merchant ships crossing through British waters
What type of boats did Germany use in submarine warfare
U-Boats
What were the Tactics
1) Germans sank all ships entering British waters
2) Abandoned till 1917, Germany desperate - bringing America into war
How effective were the Submarine warfare tactics
1) Only 6 weeks food supply in Britain by 1917 but people did not starve
2) April 1917 - sinking American ships bring the USA into the war
When did the Lusitania sink
7th may 1915
Main events in Gallipolli
1) 19 Feb 1915, Anglo-French start bombing Turkish positions. 18 march, main attack launched but the fleet retreated after losing 3 battleships.
2) After the retreat by the Anglo-french, allied troops decide to do a ground invasion. 25th April 1915, their goal was to capture the forts that guarded the entrance to Dardanelles.
3) Naval attack warned the Turks of the planned invasion, this mean they were prepared and strengthened their positions since Feb.
4) Allied troops land in Anzac cave under heavy fire, unable to move inland.
5) Allies withdrew between December and January, 135,000 Allied troops were evacuated.
5 consequences of the failed campaign
1) 204,000 Allied troops were wounded and 48,000 killed.
2) Many soldiers became ill, poor living conditions
3) Dardanelles were not captured, Russia cut off Allied support.
4) Germany was able to strengthen its Western Front, as allies looked to make gains in Gallipoli.
5) Churchill and Hamilton were removed from their positions.
