Walworth - Intro To Pharm Flashcards
What is the basic mechanism behind how G-protein coupled receptors work?
Ligand binds on the outside. The three subunits on the inside are responsible for different functions. One downstream affect is the activation of adenylate Cyclase or Phospholipase C (PLC).
What do epinephrine/albuterol do?
They cause bronchodilation
- they upregulate adenylate Cyclase –> upregulation of cAMP –> bronchodilation
What does theophylline do?
Bronchodilation
- It inhibits Phosphodiesterase (PDE), which is an inhibitor of cAMP. Therefore, you have increased cAMP and thus bronchodilation.
- It will also antagonize adenosine, which is usually involved in bronchoconstriction, so it will bronchodilate
What does ipatropium do?
Bronchodilation.
- It antagonizes acetylcholine, which usually causes bronchoconstriction. Therefore, bronchodilation will occur.
Acetylcholineesterase inhibitors
Elevate the amount of Ach in the synapse because it doesn’t break down the Ach.
Omeprazole
Proton Pump Inhibitor.
- The way that it works is that there is this H+/K+ pump in the stomach. If you block this pump then H+ (HCl) won’t be secrete into the gastric lumen.
How does aspirin work?
It blocks the COX enzyme from working. Therefore, nothing will go down that pathway so the PGs, Prostacyclins, and thromboxanes will not be made. Instead, only Leukotrienes will be made. Therefore we will see less inflammation.
Pharmacodynamics
The effect of the drug on the body.
Pharmacokinetics
The effect of the body on the drug. It determines the therapeutic efficacy, duration of action, and half-life of the drug.
- absorption, distribution, metabolism, elimination, plasma concentration
Typical Drug Targets
G Protein Coupled receptors Ion channels Transporters/pumps Enzymes that produce bio active molecules Receptor tyrosine kinases Non-humans
