Wall Systems Flashcards
High mass walls
• Double brick
• reverse brick veneer
• insulated concrete
• earth-bermed
• rammed earth
Low mass walls
• Lightweight
• cross-laminated timber
• structural insulated panels
• log walls
• cladding
Composite or mixed mass walls
• AAC (Autoclaved Aerated concrete)
• concrete block
• mudbrick
• straw bale
• panel systems
• hemp lime composite
are masonry and included brick, concrete block and precast concrete.
High mass wall systems
Uses varying levels of cement depending on earth type and therefore has high embodied energy than mud brick
Rammed earth
must be insulated, and provide most thermal performance benefit when insulated externally and exposed internally.
All high mass wall systems
These have high thermal mass and high embodied energy. They require cavity insulation.
Double brick
They are low maintenance and high durable on stable soil types.
Double brick
This wall system are usually high cost
Double brick
This wall system has high thermal mass and good thermal performance if coupled with effective external insulation.
Reverse brick veneer
These walls are very durable and require little maintenance for the internal surface
Clay brick walls
This wall system cost varies from average to high, depending on mass type and cladding
Reverse brick veneer
Are the most common materials used for residential buildings
Brickwork and blockwork
Brickwork and blockwork can be formed as:
• brick veneer
• reverse brick veneer
• double brick
• solid brick
where the bricks are the external surface of the building, in conjunction with an internal frame
Brick veneer
Where the bricks are the internal surface of the building to provide thermal mass, in conjunction with an external frame
Reverse brick veneer
With 2 layers of bricks and a cavity in between
Double brick
Mostly used for internal walls
Solid brick
Are components of durable masonry construction, in which uniformly shaped individual units are laid in courses with mortar as the bed and binding material
Bricks and blocks
Is usually left exposed for its aesthetic qualities
Brickwork
Types of brickwork and blockwork
• clay and concrete brickwork
• blockwork
• stonework
• timbercrete
• glass blocks
Is made from selected clays that are moulded or cut in shape and fired in ovens
Clay brickwork
Are affordable, readily available, mass-produced, and thoroughly tested modular building components.
Clay bricks
Are the same size and intended for the same uses as clay bricks.
Concrete Bricks
is construction with concrete or cement blocks that are larger than a standard clay or concrete brick.
Blockwork
is used to make a special kind of concrete blockwork much lighter than normal concrete and with significantly higher thermal resistance
Autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC)
is an ancient tradition and the basis of some of the world’s oldest building, but it is rarely part of modern construction.
Cutting of stone into building blocks
In modern Australian housing, ________ is typically used for feature walls, fireplaces, garden walls and landscaping.
Stone masonry
is extremely durable— it has provided some of history’s most enduring monuments — but its moisture resistance varies enormously.
Stone masonry
is a relatively new lightweight composite masonry material invented in Australia
Timbercrete
Made from excess sawmill waste from plantation timbers mixed with sand and binders such as Portland cement and a non toxic deflocculating additive
Timbercrete
They are made in modular units that can be built into walls and transmit light.
Glass blocks
Shares some of the properties of both blockwork and glazing
Glass blocks
Is extremely robust, and can be relocated and reused.
Insulated concrete
These have high embodied energy and high thermal mass, and high insulation values
Insulated concrete
These wall systems have the huge thermal mass, and also have the additional benefits of earth coupling, resulting in significantly reduced energy requirements
Earth-bermed
these wall systems have high thermal mass and low to medium embodied energy, depending on cement content.
Rammed earth
Using timber weatherboard, fiber cement sheet, plywood and other sheet cladding systems have low thermal mass, but medium to high insulation values can be easily added
Lightweight
Have low embodied energy and general low environmental impact
Low mass walls
These consist of an insulating layer of rigid insulation material, sandwiched between 2 structural skins of sheet metal, plywood, fiber cement, or engineered timber.
Structural insulated panels
These may achieve good thermal performance with the addition of insulation, and have low environmental impact when logs are sustainably sourced
Log walls
Lightweight walls reduce heat loss when insulated and can have minimal embodied energy, depending on the cladding material used.
Cladding
Is a material that is attached to the exterior of your home’s walls to form an outer weatherproof skin to the home
Cladding
Cladding systems consist of 2 interacting components:
Wall systems
Cladding layers
These systems fit between high and low mass with either moderate density
Composite mass walls
Where high mass concrete is used to trap tiny air bubbles
AAC
They have good thermal mass when filled with concrete but low insulation values
Concrete blocks
These have high thermal mass, but insulation is difficult to add unless the walls are constructed with a cavity, or are lined externally
Mud brick
Are one of the oldest building materials in the world
Mud brick
Usually only require earth and the energy of the sun, so have very low embodied energy and environmental impact
Mud brick
They have excellent breathability when rendered with earth or lime based renders.
straw bale
Must be compressed well to minimize settlement and movement, generous overhangs are the most reliable rain protection
Straw bale
They respond rapidly to heating and cooling and are ideally used with a high-mass concrete slab floor
Panel system
This building material is composed of hemp,lime binder and water.
Hemp lime composite ( hempcrete)
It offers a range of ecological benefits and provides good insulation and excellent permeability to water vapor
Hemp line composite (hempcrete)
Is made of the woody part of the stem of a hemp plant, combined with lime binder, water and sometimes sand.
Hemp masonry
