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SKINS > Walden > Flashcards

Walden Flashcards

1
Q

Prevalent Cancer males

A

prostate

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2
Q

Prevalent cancer in females

A

breast

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3
Q

Highest mortality from cancer

A

Lung

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4
Q

Highest mortality of skin cancer

A

Melanoma

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5
Q

Gynecological cancer most common

A

Uterine/endometrial

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6
Q

Gynecological cancer second most common

A

ovarian

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7
Q

are a prodromic viral enanthem of measles manifesting two to three days before the measles rash itself. They are characterized as clustered, white lesions on the buccal mucosa (opposite the lower 1st & 2nd molars) and are pathognomonic for measles/rubeola.

A

Kolpik spots

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8
Q

sandpaper textured pink rash with sore throat strawberry tongue

A

Scarlet fever (scaralatina)

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9
Q

Parvovirus B19, stages of rash, slap cheek syndrome, erythema infection, A common and highly contagious childhood ailment causing a distinctive face rash, blanches

A

Fifth disease

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10
Q

Sixth disease, viral infection, young children, high fever rash, rash, Tx - bedrest, fluids, Tylenol

A

Roseola infantum

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11
Q

high fever enlarged lymph nodes red rash in groin are, conjunctivitis, dry cracked lips, strawberry tongue, swollen hands/feet, skin peels form hands/feet, Tx - high dose aspirin, gamma globulin

A

Kawasaki disease

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12
Q

Coxsackie virus, direct contact, with nasal discharge, saliva, blister fluid, or stool, most contagious for first week, fever, severe sore throat, headache anorexia, blisters on the hands and feet, diaper area, ulcers mouth throat tonsils and tongue, pain with acidic foods, Tx - symptomatic treatment ibuprofen or Tylenol saltwater gargle, cold fluids

A

Hand foot mouth disease

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13
Q

poxvirus, smooth wax like, round, (dome shaped) papules 5 mm size, central umbilication with white plug, viral skin infection results in round firm painless bumps, contagious, Tx - resolve on own, wart medication (if near genitals in kids, suspects sexual abuse

A

Molluscum contagiosum

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14
Q

thickening of the skin, skin pigmentation disorder (darkening) related to diabetes, colon cancer and obesity

A

Acanthosis nigricans

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15
Q

candidiasis, burning malodorous odor, maceration, located in folds, under breasts, scrotum, inner thigh, between toes Tx - nystatin

A

Intertrigo

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16
Q

Tx with Benadryl or Zyrtec

A

Urticaria (hives)

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17
Q

rough flat, dry, erythematous papules or plaques, scaly patch of red or brown skin caused by years of sun exposure, evolving carcinoma, precursor to squamous cell carcinoma, Dx - biopsy, refer to dermatology, Tx - topical 5 fluoracil 5-FU, cryotherapy,

A

Actinic keratosis

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18
Q

most prevalent skin cancer, pearly domed nodule with overlying telangiectatic vessels, maybe plaque, may see central ulceration and crusting, deepest layer of the epidermis, Dx - gold standard biopsy, Tx - chemo or immunotherapy

A

Basal cell

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19
Q

asymmetry, border is irregular, color variegation, diameter 6mm size greater than pencil eraser, elevation above skin level

A

ABCDE

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20
Q

skin cancer develops in the outer layer of the skin, lower lip common location, nodule, indistinct margins, surface is firm, scaly, irregular, and may bleed easily, may metastasize

A

Squamous cell

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21
Q

itchy inflammation of the skin TX topical steroids, emollients linear formation

A

Atopic dermatitis (eczema)

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22
Q

allergy to something

A

Contact dermatitis

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23
Q

chronic, superficial disorder, scaly patches and red skin mainly on scalp

A

Seborrheic dermatitis

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24
Q

TX rotation of prescription/nonprescription (scalp- ketoconazole/metronidazole(antifungal) shampoo, capitrol shampoo, selenium sulfide Selsun blue(adults/children) shampoo ciclopirox shampoo, topical steroid gel hydrocortisone) face hydrocortisone, ears-hydrocortisone cream, eyelids- baby shampoo.

A

Seborrheic dermatitis Tx

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25
Q

soft wart like lesion appears pasted on, seen on back and trunk, (elderly) benign

A

Sebhorric keratoses

26
Q

liver spots tan to brown colored macules on dorsum of the hands/forearms, caused by sundamage benign

A

Lentigines (liverspots)

27
Q

affects lower legs and ankles due to chronic edema PVD

A

Stasis dermatitis

28
Q

rash on ankles/wrists, spreads to trunk, high fever, headache, myalgia, nausea, Tx - doxycycline refer ED

A

Rocky spotted mountain fever

29
Q

chapped lips, lip fissures

A

Cheilitis

30
Q

Tx - oral abx + topical retinoid +/- benzoyl peroxide (tetracycline + tazarotene +/- Benz Pero ….Retin topical, oral tetracycline then Accutane (isotretinoin)

A

Moderate acne

31
Q

acne inversa, the skin lesions develop as a result of inflammation and infection of sweat glands. This condition features pea- to marble-sized lumps under the skin that can be painful and tend to enlarge and drain pus. They usually occur where skin rubs together, such as in the armpits, groin, and buttocks. Tx doxycycline, topical abx

A

Hidradenitis suppurativa

32
Q

prophylaxis is TCA-Elavil

A

Postherpetic neuralgia PHN

33
Q

collection of blood underneath toenail or fingernail, TX make hole and drain the blood (trephination)

A

Subungual hematoma

34
Q

Tiny round brown/purple spots due to bleeding under skin

A

Petechia

35
Q

deep tissue, gram positive, gradual course over days, Tx - PCN, macrolide

A

Cellulitis

36
Q

acute onset, well demarcated and above the skin, Tx - PCN or macrolide

A

Erysipelas - (strept. infection)

37
Q

Tx - Bactrim or tetracyclines

A

MRSA

38
Q

solid elevated mass up to 1 cm

A

Papule

39
Q

Flat small like a freckle

A

Macule

40
Q

Filled with serous fluid and less than 1 cm

A

Vesicle

41
Q

fluid filled and larger than 1 cm

A

Bullae

42
Q

Dry skin, use petroleum-based product, not lotions

A

Xerosis

43
Q

pruritic erythematous plaque covered with fine silvery white scales, scalp and elbows Tx - topical steroids

A

Psoriasis

44
Q

appearance of bleeding spots when scales are scraped off from psoriasis plaque

A

Auspitz sign

45
Q

Chicken pox, reactivation of varicella zoster virus involves single dermatome, less likely several dermatomes

A

Shingles

46
Q

itching burning photophobia fever headache malaise

A

Shingles - finding prodrome

47
Q

dermatomal rash 3-4 days, unilateral, pain, possible severe, macupapular rash progresses to vesicles then pustules 3-4 days, may appear for a week,

A

Shingles - acute phase

48
Q

2-3 week rash resolves, pain

A

Shingles - convalescent phase

49
Q

viral culture, polymerase chain reaction PCR, Tx - acyclovir, zostrix cream, gabapentin amitriptyline

A

Shingles Dx

50
Q

TX abx on wound, cold packs nsaids

A

Spider bite

51
Q

Tx - with analgesia (Tylenol, nsaids, Demerol), Augmentin/doxycycline/Bactrim - Wound cleaning with soap and water, betadine, local anesthesia (lidocaine), - Irrigated with 2000 ml normal saline, betadine, - Wound debridement, facial bites should be closed with sutures only, pack wound, tetanus immunization, antibiotic therapy,

A

Dog bite

52
Q

erythema migrans, bulls eye rash, start within 72 hours of exposure Tx - with doxycycline or amoxicillin Dx - two step test EIA and then western blot.

A

Lyme disease

53
Q

multisystem autoimmune disease, characterized by remission and exacerbations, affects organs, skin kidney, heart, and blood vessels, face butterfly rash, avoid sunlight exposure, photosensitivity Tx - refer to rheumatologist, topical and oral steroids, avoid sun and cover skin Less seen in Caucasians

A

Lupus

54
Q

Christmas tree pattern rash, herald patch, normally on trunk

A

Pityriasis rosea

55
Q

Tx - doxycycline/ fluoroquinolones (Cipro)

A

Anthrax

56
Q

trunk and extremities sun spots

A

Tinea versicolor

57
Q

arms/legs or body

A

Tinea corporis (ringworm)

58
Q

jock itch

A

Tinea cruris

59
Q

skin or scalp

A

Tinea capitas

60
Q

athletes foot

A

Tinea pedis

61
Q

cause pitting in finger nails

A

Psoriasis

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