Wake Turbulence and Wind Shear

Question 1

As you should recall from basic aerodynamics, higher AOA means greater induced drag. Based on that knowledge and what you just learned about the relationship between induced drag and vortex intensity, which flap configuration do you think will cause increased wake turbulence strength?

Answer 1

Flaps up

Question 2

What are factors which primarily affect the strength of vortices?

Answer 2

Weight, speed, and wing configuration

Question 3

An aircraft flying in which position would experience an induced roll to the left?

Answer 3

Behind the right wingtip

Question 4

True or false: Pilots of small aircraft should avoid operating within 2 rotor diameters of a hovering helicopter due to downwash hazards. However, since a helicopter does not generate wake turbulence, normal spacing rules do not apply.

Answer 4

False

Question 5

When taking off behind a heavy aircraft (over 255,000 pounds) established spacing requirements are ______ minute(s) minimum. This spacing is also encouraged behind large aircraft (41,000 to 255,000 pounds).

Answer 5

2

Question 6

Minimum landing spacing requirement is ______ minute(s) behind a heavy aircraft (over 255,000 pounds).

Answer 6

3

Question 7

Wind shear is defined as a sudden change in wind ______ over a short distance in the atmosphere.

Answer 7

Speed and/or direction

Question 8

A microburst will most likely be encountered in areas of heavy ______.

Answer 8

Rain

Question 9

When viewed from behind the generating aircraft, wingtip vortices rotate ______ from the right wing and ______ from the left wing.

Answer 9

Counterclockwise; clockwise

Question 10

Wake turbulence is generated ______.

Answer 10

By any aircraft whenever it is producing lift

Question 11

When taking off behind a heavy aircraft in the T-6A, you should allow for a minimum spacing of ______ minute(s).

Answer 11

2

Question 12

When taking off behind a heavy aircraft that has just landed, what should you do to minimize the effects of its wake turbulence?

Answer 12

Plan to lift off after its nose gear touchdown point

Question 13

Key hazards created by wake turbulence are ______ and ______.

Answer 13

Induced roll; induced flow field

Question 14

True or false: The wake turbulence generated by a heavy aircraft taking off from a parallel or intersecting runway is not a factor for aircraft operating on another runway.

Answer 14

False

Question 15

How will a wind shear that decreases your headwind component by 20 knots affect your aircraft?

Answer 15

Indicated airspeed will decrease 20 knots thereby decreasing lift.

Question 16

During an approach, you pass through a shear that changes the wind from a 10 knot tailwind to a 10 knot headwind. How will this shear affect your aircraft?

Answer 16

Indicated airspeed will increase by 20 knots, lift will increase, and aircraft will tend to climb above glidepath.

Question 17

What wind changes would an aircraft initially encounter if flown through a microburst?

Answer 17

A strong headwind

Question 18

An aircraft reported wind shear on final with a 10 knot loss of airspeed. How should you adjust your approach?

Answer 18

Set flaps to “Takeoff” and add 10 knots to your approach speed