W5: Russia and the Near Abroad Flashcards

1
Q

Which region is the largest one in the world?

A

Russia and the Near Abroad

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2
Q

How many countries are there in the world’s largest region?

A

Russia and 14 other countries that used to form the Soviet Union

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3
Q

Which 2 largest other countries?

A

Kazakhstan and Ukraine

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4
Q

4 cohesive elements are:

A

_ Dominated by Russia
_ Shared the Russian language
_ Mostly free markets now
_ Democracy has largely failed in the region

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5
Q

Which place is the Russian exclave and at where?

A

Kaliningrad is a Russian exclave on Baltic Sea

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6
Q

What was the previous name of Kaliningrad?

A

Kaliningrad used to be Konigsburg, the Prussian capital

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7
Q

Which place is also known as the “Gates of Hell”?

A

The Darvaza Gas Crater in Turkmenistan

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8
Q

More information about the Darvaza Gas Crater:

A

Ignited to flare off what was thought to be a small deposit, natural gas is still burning 50 years later

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9
Q

Which region contains the coldest inhabited places on earth and to what degree?

A

Russia, in Verkhoyansk and Oymyakon, -68 Celsius degree

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10
Q

What is happening and creating craters in Siberia?

A

explosions

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11
Q

The Tunguska event in 1908 is thought to have been caused by what?

A

By a comet hitting Earth

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12
Q

What happened in 1917?

A

The February Revolution: protest against the sacrifice of Russian forces during WW2

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13
Q

When did the Bolshevik Revolution happen? and who led it?

A

October 1917 Vladimir

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14
Q

What was the Russian Civil about?

A

It was about the struggle to control between Bolsheviks and the White Movement

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15
Q

Who won the Russian War?

A

The Bolshevik

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16
Q

What was the economy and philosophy under the Soviet Union?

A

5-year plan and Marxist philosophy

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17
Q

When did the Soviet Union collapse?

A

In 1991

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18
Q

List 5 Subregions of Russia:

A

Slavic Core, Russia’s Far East, Russia’s North, Caucasus, and Central Asia

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19
Q

Slavic Core includes which countries?

A

European Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Moldova, Northern Kazakhstan

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20
Q

Which subregion has the most population and how much?

A

Slavic Core, with 3 quarters of the population

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21
Q

Which subregion has mostly thinly populated wilderness?

A

Russia’s mountainous Pacific edge

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22
Q

what arteries do most people live along two transportation?

A

The Trans-Siberian Railroad and the Lower Amur River

23
Q

Which sea route does Russia’s North subregion have?

A

Northeast Passage

24
Q

What types of forests do Russia’s North have?

A

Taiga (coniferous forest) and tundra

25
Q

What ports do the Northern sea route have?

A

Ports of Murmansk and Arkhangelsk

26
Q

What does the Caucasus subregion include?

A

Includes Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, and parts of Russia

27
Q

Which sea does the Caucasus subregion connect?

A

the Black and Caspian seas

28
Q

Diversion of water from the Amy Darya and Syr Darya rivers is used for what purpose?

A

Cotton production

29
Q

Which sea does the central asia subregion have?

A

The Aral sea

30
Q

What is the population growth rate in Central Asian countries?

A

1.8%

31
Q

What is the climate in Russia?

A

Humid continental climate in northerly areas; extreme continental climate in some areas

32
Q

Geomorphology of Russia?

A

2 main lowland areas: East European Plan and West Siberian Plan
2 uplands: Kazakh Uplands and Central Siberian Plateau

33
Q

What are the 2 main lowland areas?

A

East European Plan and West Siberian Plan

34
Q

What are 2 uplands?

A

Kazakh Uplands and Central Siberian Plateau

35
Q

What is the soil type in Russia?

A

Subarctic, infertile

36
Q

What is Chernozems (a type of mollisol)?

A

Black earth in Russian. very productive soil type

37
Q

What is Russia’s rank in oil production?

A

3rd

38
Q

How much world’s proven natural gas reserves does Russia have?

A

24%

39
Q

How many world-proven oil reserves does Russia have?

A

4.8%

40
Q

What is Russia’s rank in coal reserves?

A

2nd

41
Q

What is the legacy of Soviet environmental damage?

A

Aral sea, Mayak, and Chernobyl

42
Q

What are the modifications of Russians to the landscape?

A

Drying of Aral Sea

43
Q

Major cities in Russia

A

Moscow is only global city

44
Q

ethnic groups in Russia

A

Caucasus

45
Q

Languages in Russia

A

Main language families: Indo-European, Altaic, Uralic, Proto0Asiatic

46
Q

Minor religion in Russia

A

Islam

47
Q

Economic development mostly where

A

within the Slavic Core

48
Q

What is 2/3 of the value of Russia/s exports?

A

energy

49
Q

How much oil is coming from Russia to Western Europe?

A

30%

50
Q

w much natural gas comes from Russia?

A

40%

51
Q

Which country receives 2/3 of its energy from Russia?

A

Ukraine

52
Q

What is What does BRICS stand for?

A

Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa

53
Q

What is CIS?

A

Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) btw Russia and 11 other former Soviet states

54
Q

What is frozen conflict?

A

Any prolonged ethno-political conflict that falls short of all out war