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Foundations of Nursing N313 - UW Madison Fall 2023 > W5 Cardio/Nuero > Flashcards

W5 Cardio/Nuero Flashcards

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1
Q

CN 1 (I)

A

olfactory (smell)

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1
Q

CN 2 (II)

A

optic (sight)

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2
Q

CN 3 (III)

A

oculomotor (move eyes)

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3
Q

CN 4 (IV)

A

trochlear (move eyes)

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4
Q

CN 5 (V)

A

trigeminal nerve (face sensation

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5
Q

CN 6 (VI)

A

abducens (move eyes)

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6
Q

CN 7 (VII)

A

facial (facial expressions, taste)

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7
Q

CN 8 (VIII)

A

Vestibularcochlear auditory/vestibular (hearing/balance)

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8
Q

CN 9 (IX)

A

glossopharyngeal (taste/swallow)

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9
Q

CN 10 (X)

A

vagus nerve (digestion, heart rate, taste)

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10
Q

CN 11 (XI)

A

accessory (shoulder/neck muscle movement)

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11
Q

CN 12 (XII)

A

hypoglossal (move tongue)

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12
Q

Cranial nerves that control taste

A

facial (VII), glossopharangeal (IX), vagus (X)

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13
Q

What is dyskinesia?

A

Older adults at risk: repetitive mouth movements, senile tremors

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14
Q

RAMs might be hard to perform for what pop?

A

older adults

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15
Q

Older adults may experience a ____ of sensation

A

loss

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16
Q

BEFAST acronym meaning

A

stroke symptoms:
Balance loss
Eyesight changes
Face drooping
Arm weakness
Speech difficulty
Time to call 911

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17
Q

Wernicke’s vs Broca’s aphasia

A

Wernicke’s: issues w/ understanding (receptive)
Broca’s: issues w/ expression (expressive)

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18
Q

There is a race/ethnic disparity relative to ____

A

strokes (sp, AA and hispanic pops)

19
Q

What is the Romberg test

A

Standing w/ eyes close and hopping in place w/o trouble

20
Q

The Denver II test measures

A

development in children

21
Q

The Glasgow coma scale measures what 3 responses?

A

Eye opening, motor, and verbal

22
Q

3 types of reflexes

A

stretch (“knee jerk”), visceral, superficial

23
Q

CN I and II exit from the _______, while CN III and XII exit from the _____.

A

cerebellum, brainstem

24
Q

Ischemic vs hemorrhagic strokes

A

Ischemic: thrombus blocks O2 to brain
Hemorrhagic: blood vessel in brain ruptures

25
Q

A normal Glasgow score is __, and a score of __ or below = coma

A

15, 6

26
Q

What is S1?

A

beginning of systole–TV and MV close, PV and AV open

27
Q

What is systole?

A

The contraction of ventricles pushing blood through the body

28
Q

What is S2?

A

Closure of semilunar valves (AV and PV), beginning of diastole

29
Q

What is S3?

A

when filling-resistant ventricles are filled rapidly

30
Q

Compare RSHF and LSHF

A

LS: blood cannot be pumped to body, regurgitates to lungs
-dypsnea
-orthopnea
-crackles, foamy mucus, coughing
RS: de-oxed blood pools in body
-edema
-impaired liver fxn
-englarged jugular veins

31
Q

Causes of LS and RS HF?

A

LS: hypertension, valve defects, MI, arterial disease, hyperlipidemia
RS: LSHF

32
Q

What causes heart murmurs

A

highly viscous blood, hypertension, valve defects

33
Q

Pitting vs non-pitting edema

A

pitting: fluid buildup
non-pitting: fluid in 3rd space–gotta pop to drain

34
Q

What causes ascites?

A

Liver failure

35
Q

Compare arterial and venous peripheral disease

A

Arterial = ischemia (blood not reaching tissue)
-cool/cold, shiny/tight skin
-weak pulse
-poor cap refill
-severe on-off pain
-gangrenous
Peripheral = blood pooling
-swelling, serious edema
-skin thickens and darkens
-more painful with sitting

36
Q

BB’s typical heart rate is:

A

100-180

37
Q

A carotid bruit is:

A

wooshing on carotid artery, possible sign of arterial occlusion

38
Q

A ‘thrill’ is

A

vibration of the precordium–hand in hand w/ bruits, often

39
Q

Risks for CAD

A

-PAD
-smoking
-diabetes/high cholesterol/obesity
-race/ethnicity

40
Q

Causes of non-pitting edema:

A

thyroid/lymphatic issues, lymph buildup

41
Q

Signs of arterial insufficiency (esp in older)

A

-thin shiny skin
-thick ridged nails
-loss of shin hair

42
Q

Treating PAD:

A

-statins, BP reducers, anticoagulants
-smoking cessation
-exercise

43
Q

Treating PVD

A

-limit long periods of sitting/standing
-elevate limbs above heart level

44
Q

describe blood flow thru the heart

A

Superior vena cava/Inferior vena cava –>
right atrium –> tricuspid valve –> right ventricle –> pulmonic valve –> pulmonary artery –> lungs –> pulmonary veins –>
left atrium –> bicuspid valve –> left ventricle –> aortic valve –> aorta –> body

Foundations of Nursing N313 - UW Madison Fall 2023 (6 decks)

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