N314 Exam III Flashcards
______ is a continual process that starts with an event that
is experienced by the individual, perceived through
intact information processing channels, appraised
for scope and meaning, assessed as neutral,
manageable, or threatening within current capacity
of coping skills, resources, and abilities, ending
ideally in a positive outcome of homeostasis and
feeling of well-being”
stress
Primary vs secondary appraisal in stress
primary: interpretation of stressors
secondary: analysis of resources
Trauma and stress works mainly in what parts of the brain?
-limbic system
-amygdala (fear center)
-hippocampus (memory)
The following are examples of what?
anxiety, fear, depression, physical pain, chronic pain, flashbacks,
intrusive and distressing memories of the violence, disorientation
and difficulty concentrating, self-blame, guilt, and shame, “shutting down”, dissociation, avoidance, emotional numbing
trauma responses
Acute, episodic, and chronic all refer to types of _____.
stress
Physiological, psychological, cognitive and behavioral (PCBB) are types of what?
manifestations of stress
T/F: personality changes, withdrawal, and hopelessness are signs of stress.
T
________ is defined as “an ever-changing process involving both cognitive
means and behavioral actions, in order to manage
internal or external situations that are perceived as
difficult and/or beyond the individual’s current
resources”
coping
Displacement, sensitization, rationalization, and dependence are examples of what?
maladaptive coping responses
while secondary appraisal
is an analysis of resources, _______ refers to the application of those resources
coping
3 main categories of coping strategies (+define)
Problem focused
-evaluation –> action
Emotion focused
-avoidance
Meaning focused
-modifying response (CBT)
______ is an “intentional effort to reduce sympathetic nervous system
arousal”
relaxation
- Inability to accurately assess stressor
- Denial or avoidance
- Actual or perceived lack of control
- Actual or perceived lack of support
- No experience or poor past experiences in managing stressful situations
These are examples of what?
General risk factors for ineffective coping
- Impaired cognition
- Limited resources
- Age
- Changes in health status
- Chronic health conditions
are examples of _______ risk factors for ineffective coping
-individual
Long-term exposure to
__________ from excessive
activation of the ___ can lead to…
* Increased risk of CV
disease
* Decreased control of metabolic conditions
* Increased susceptibility to infection
* Exacerbation of stress mediated illnesses
catecholamines, SNS (sympathetic nervous system)
