W5: Blood grouping Flashcards
When newborn RBC are destroyed prematurely
because of incompatibility to mother, this is known as______
Hemolytic disease of newborn (HDN)
Severe cases of HDN mainly involves _______ antigen
D- antigen of the Rh system
The _____ of the placenta exposes fetal blood to mother, causing mother to produce antibodies against it. This can happen during ______, ____ or ____. Other causes are _______, ______ and _____.
Tearing of the placenta can happen during birth, miscarriage or abortion.
Other causes include blood transfusion, sharing of needle or trauma.
HDN affects the second child. T or F?
True. the mother already develop antibodies against a different blood antigen. With the second pregnancy, the antibodies can pass through the placenta and cause haemolysis.
Prevention of HDN is by ___________.
Anti-D-antibody
Treatment of HDN include____
- Intravenous fluid
- phototherapy
- blood transfusion
- exchange transfusion
ABO system discovered by ____________
Karl Landsteiner
ABO system contain what 3 allelic genes
A,B & O lah
A & B genes control the enzyme synthesis for _________ and this is the precursor for A,& B group antigens
H-antigen
What is Landsteiner law?
If the agglutinogen is present on the RBC membrane, the corresponding agglutinin must be absent in the plasma.
A,B & H antigens are only found on RBC cells and is soluble in plasma only. True or False?
FALSE. A,B & H antigens are found on most body cells and is soluble in most body fluids. This includes secretion like sweat and saliva.
People who lack H -antigen are type _____.
Type O lah. because H antigen is precursor to A & B antigen mah so dun have H = dun have A or B
What are the 5 important blood group antigen in rhesus system?
D,C,c,E,e
Rh antigens are also used to transport ____ and/or _____ across plasma membrane
Carbon, ammonia
