W4P1 Flashcards
Through what does SARS COV2 enter ?
Host ACE2 receptor accepts spike protein as ligand
What is the mechanism of SARS COV2
this is an RNA virus: gets translated in host cell, when the host cell dies, viral proteins get released over the body.
it cannot cause cancer because it DOES NOT go into the genome
it is RNA not DNA
What stimulated the production of Abs after an infection
- IgG and IgA specifically
Dose of vaccine. APCs pick up the 3D construct. Presented on MCH2. T cells that recognize it will come in.
T cells that produce IFN and IL4 (circled in red) lead to the production of IgG
IL10 leads to IgA production
Timeline of the primary immune response from B cells
recall primary response is when it only produces IgM, this is while they are still NAIVE*
within 7 days you get IgM release that is NON specific to antigen
after APC activation of T cells, (after 7 days) then you get differentiation into IgG and IgA, plasma cells and memory B cells
What is the secondary response of B cells?
This occurs after the body is sensitized, and from PRE-EXISTING MEMORY CELLS
in which case the prexisting Ab come within 3-5 days! much faster, and they’re able to produce a LOT of ab right away
What is the half life of IgG antibodies?
21 days
so they will only fully be out of circulation after 3-4 months
What is required for B cell memory?
B cells with antigen alone will only produce PRIMARY, short lived IgM
T cell co activation is REQUIRED for memory B cells that are specific
this happens in the germinal center? T cell will bind to B cell with high affinity for antigen
Seropositive vs seronegative response to vaccines
seronegative: never seen the virus before
seropostive: had previous exposure, seen the virus before
they have higher ab production if you are seroPOSITIVE- proves memory improves ab production
Was is better to delay the second dose?
YES, it resulted in higher levels of circulating ab
it makes sense because we know that we PEAK at 21 days, so doesn’t make sense to boost when body is already at a peak.
what is a recognized side effect from the covid vaccine or infection?
Myocarditis
- self limited
- dose dependent
DOES affect YOUNG people
should be noted that getting infected without the vaccine increases incidence of cardiac issues
what is a recognized side effect from the covid vaccine or infection?
Myocarditis
- self limited
- dose dependent
DOES affect YOUNG people
should be noted that getting infected without the vaccine increases incidence of cardiac issues
