W4 Skull And TMJ

Question 1

What is the skull divided into?

Answer 1

Neurocranium and viscerocranium (facial skeleton)

Question 2

What is unique about the TMJ?

Answer 2

Only moveable joint of the head, only joint of human body that operates bilaterally, a modified synovial joint

Question 3

Why is the TMJ a modified synovial joint?

Answer 3

Because articulate surfaces of bones of the joint are covered in fibrocartilage instead of hyaline cartilage.

Question 4

What are the movements of the mandible?

Answer 4

Protrusion, retraction, depression and elevation.

Question 5

What are the bones of the viscerocranium?

Answer 5

(Zombies like punching my very manly nose in)

Zygomatic, lacrimal, palatine, mandible, vomer, maxilla, nasal, inferior nasal concha

Question 6

How are the bones of the TMJ never in contact?

Answer 6

The TMJ has 2 synovial cavities with an articulation disc in the middle so the bones (head and tubercle) are never in contact.

Question 7

Label a mandible

Answer 7

Image

Question 8

What is the anatomical significance of the alveolar process of the mandible?

Answer 8

It holds the roots of the teeth in place.

Question 9

What are the suprahyoid muscles?

Answer 9

Mylohyoid, geniohyoid, stylohyoid, digastrics (all lie above the hyoid bone)

Question 10

Where does the genioglossus attach to the mandible?

Answer 10

Underside of the tongue and body of the hyoid

Question 11

Where does the medial pterygoid attach to the mandible?

Answer 11

Medial surface of ramus, angle of mandible, inferior to the mandibular foramen

Question 12

Where does the mylohyoid attach to the mandible?

Answer 12

Body of hyoid bone, median ridge, arises from mylohyoid line

Question 13

Where does the geniohyoid attach to the mandible?

Answer 13

Hyoid bone

Question 14

Where does the lateral pterygoid attach to the mandible?

Answer 14

Neck of condylar process of the mandible

Question 15

Which nerve passes through the mandibular foramen and what does it supply?

Answer 15

Inferior alveolar nerve supplies sensation to the lower teeth.

Question 16

How does the inferior alveolar nerve leave the mandible?

Answer 16

Emerges from the mental foramen as the mental nerve which supplies the chin and lower lip.

Question 17

What articular surfaces are involved in the formation of the TMJ? (Inferior aspect of cranium)

Answer 17

Mandibular fossa, articular disc, articular eminence

Question 18

What are the 3 ligaments stabilising the TMJ?

Answer 18

Temporomandibular, sphenomandibular, stylomandibular

Question 19

What are the functions of the articular disc?

Answer 19

Fills the space between the condyle and the temporal bone. Acts as a stress absorber and distributor during jaw activity.

Question 20

Label the TMJ

Answer 20

Image

Question 21

Where does the head of the condylar process insert into?

Answer 21

Mandibular fossa, articular disc and articular eminence

Question 22

What are the muscles of mastication innervated by?

Answer 22

CNV3, which supplies sensation

Question 23

What are the infrahyoid bones?

Answer 23

TOSS - thryohyoid, omohyoid, sternohyoid, sternothyroid

They start at the hyoid bone and attach to structures below it.

Question 24

Attachments of the digastric

Answer 24

Posterior runs from the mastoid process on the temporal bone to the attachment. Anterior will attach around geniotubercle.

Question 25

What does the mylohyoid run from?

Answer 25

Runs from mylohyoid line and attach on hyoid bone.

Question 26

What does geniohyoid run from?

Answer 26

Runs from geniotubercle (on mandible) to the hyoid bone

Question 27

Where does the stylohyoid run from?

Answer 27

From styloid process on back of skull to the hyoid bone.

Question 28

What innervates the posterior belly of digastric and stylohyoid muscles?

Answer 28

Facial nerve CNVII

Question 29

What innervates the anterior belly of digastric and the mylohyoid muscle?

Answer 29

Mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve CNV3

Question 30

What innervates the geniohyoid?

Answer 30

CNXII hypoglossal nerve

Question 31

What does the stylohyoid initiate?

Answer 31

Swallowing

Question 32

What does shortening the suprahyoid muscles do?

Answer 32

Elevates the hyoid bone and depresses the mandible.

Question 33

What bones form the zygomatic arch?

Answer 33

Zygomatic bone and zygomatic process of temporal bone.

Question 34

Bony points on temporal bone

Answer 34

Mandibular fossa, articular eminence, squamous part, zygomatic process, mastoid process, styloid process, external acoustic meatus, petrous part

Question 35

What is the strongest ligament and what movement does it restrict?

Answer 35

Stylomandibular ligament limits excessive protrusion of the jaw