Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

GI > W3 Oral Manifestations of Systemic Disease > Flashcards

W3 Oral Manifestations of Systemic Disease Flashcards

1
Q

List some of the system diseases + conditions that can present as an oral manifestation

A
  • haematological disease
  • gastrointestinal disease
  • autoimmune conditions
  • metabolic disease
  • drug side effects
  • neoplastic conditions
  • infective conditions
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What 3 areas can oral manifestations of systemic disease appear?

A
  1. teeth
  2. oral mucosa
  3. salivary glands
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is oral ulceration?

A

discontinuity in the oral mucosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What causes a malignant oral ulcer?

A

oral squamous cell carcinoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What infections can cause solitary infective ulcers?

A
  • tuberculosis (primary/secondary infection)

- tertiary syphillis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is a gumma?

A

A form of granuloma that is a soft, non-cancerous growth resulting from the tertiary stage of syphillis (pre-malignant lesion)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the most common cause of multiple ulcers?

A

Recurrent Aphthous Ulceration (RAU)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the 3 types of RAU?

A
  • major
  • minor
  • herpetiform
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What possibly causes RAU and what must be excluded?

A
  • possibly stress

- haematinic deficiency and GI disease must be excluded

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What multisystem condition can present as multiple ulcers?

A

Behcets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is Behcet’s disease?

A

Hereditary systemic vasculitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are symptoms of Behcet’s disease?

A
  • multiple ulcers similar to RAU
  • genital ulceration
  • uveitis
  • erythema nodosum
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are 6 oral signs of aneamia?

A
  1. mucosal pallor
  2. angular cheilitis
  3. glossitis (inflammation of the tongue)
  4. predisposition to candida
  5. oral ulceration
  6. disturbed taste
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is an infective cause of multiple ulcers?

A

Primary herpetiform gingivo-stomatitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Name 3 types of mucocutaneous disorders.

A
  1. Lichen planus
  2. Vesiculobullous disease - pemphigus and pemphigoid
  3. Lupus erythematosus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is Lichen Planus and how does it present orally?

A
  • An inflammatory disorder that affects skin, hair, nails and mucous membranes.
  • presents as lacy white patches in the mouth bilaterally
  • asymptomatic and can be potentially malignant
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is stomatitis?

A

Inflammation of the mouth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is halitosis?

A

Bad breath

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is gingivitis?

A

Inflammation of the gums

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is lupus erythematosus and what are the two types?

A
  • Lupus erythematosus is a chronic autoimmune disease in which body attacks healthy tissue
  • Discoid (skin is affected) and systemic (skin + organs affected)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are the oral manifestations of lupus erythematosus and what is a discoid lesion?

A
  • ulcerations
  • white patches
  • red + white patches
  • similar to Lichen Planus
  • discoid lesion is in shape of disc
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is vesiculobellus disease?

A

A type of mucocutaneous disease characterised by vesicles and bullae. (blisters)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

How does pemphigus vulgaris present?

A
  • most present with oral lesions approx. 1 year before skin lesions
  • painful extensive oral ulcerations
  • preceded by blisters
  • associated with Nikolsky sign
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is the Nikolsky sign?

A

Upper layers of skin on blister slip away from lower layers when rubbed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

How does pemphigoid present?

A
  • usually as blisters
  • benign mucous membrane pemphigoid
  • painful oral ulceration
  • can affect mucous membranes of other organs e.g. eye
26
Q

What is the difference between pemphigus and pemphigoid?

A

Pemphigus bullae are intra-epithelial (epidermis) and pemphigoid bullae are sub-epithelial. (epidermis and dermis)

27
Q

How do GI diseases cause oral ulcerations?

A

Due to malabsorption and thus consequent haematinic deficiency.

28
Q

What GI diseases cause oral ulcerations?

A
  • Crohn’s
  • Ulcerative colitis
  • Peutz Jeghers
  • Gardener’s Syndrome
29
Q

What are the features of oral ulcerations due to Crohn’s disease?

A
  • cobble-stoning of mucosa
  • linear ulcerations
  • localised mucogingivitis
  • tissue tags/polyps
  • swelling, commonly of lips (OFG)
  • pyostomatitis vegetans
30
Q

What is OFG and what GI disease is it associated with?

A
  • Orofacial Granulomatosis

- Crohn’s Disease

31
Q

What is pyostomatitis vegetans and what GI diseases is it associated with?

A
  • swelling and reddening of the mouth mucosa with little yellow pustules
  • associated with IBD e.g. Crohn’s, ulcerative colitis
32
Q

When can ulcers due to Crohn’s disease present?

A

Can present before abdominal symptoms

33
Q

How does ulcerative colitis present orally?

A
  • oral ulceration
  • pyostomatitis vegetans
  • angular stomatitis
34
Q

What significance do oral ulcers have in ulcerative colitis?

A

Can indicate severity of disease, exacerbation and remission.

35
Q

What do white patches in the mouth that wipe off tend to be caused by?

A

-pseudomembranous candidiasis (thrush)

36
Q

What is thrush also known us?

A

Pseudomembranous candidiasis

37
Q

What causes white patches in the mouth that don’t wipe off?

A
  • trauma
  • neoplasia
  • epithelial dysplasia
  • chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis
38
Q

What deficiencies should be considered with white patches?

A
  • haematinic deficiency

- immunosuppression

39
Q

List some causes of different oral pigmentation.

A
  • racial pigmentation
  • melanotic macules
  • smoking
  • malignancy
  • Addison’s disease
40
Q

What is Addison’s Disease?

A

Disease of the adrenal glands leading to reduced cortisol and aldosterone secretion

41
Q

What do ACTH and MSH stand for (hormones)?

A
  • Adrenocorticotrophic hormone

- Melanocyte-stimulating hormones

42
Q

What is xerostoma?

A

Dry mouth

43
Q

What can cause xerostoma?

A
  • drugs
  • Sjogren’s Syndrome
  • radiation therapy
44
Q

What are the two most common symptoms of Sjogren’s Syndrome?

A
  • dry mouth

- dry eyes

45
Q

What sex does Sjogren’s Syndrome most commonly affect?

A

Females

46
Q

What is Sjogren’s Syndrome?

A

A disorder of immune system in which white blood cells attack tear and saliva glands (can be primary/secondary)

47
Q

When secondary, what other autoimmune disorders is Sjogren’s Syndrome often associated with?

A
  • rheumatoid arthritis

- lupus

48
Q

How does Sjogren’s Syndrome present orally?

A
  • enlarged salivary glands
  • dry mouth causes:
  • increased caries
  • depapillated tongue, fissured
  • red dry wrinkled mucosa
  • increased predisposition to candida
49
Q

What are caries?

A

dental cavities

50
Q

What does NCTSL mean?

A
  • Non-carious tooth surface loss

- erosion

51
Q

What G.I. problems can cause erosion and how?

A
  • GORD
  • bulimia
  • pH of stomach can be 1
52
Q

How does NCTSL present in GORD/bulimic patients?

A

Erosion on palatal surfaces of upper anterior teeth

53
Q

How can leukaemia present orally?

A
  • gingival enlargement
  • mucosal bleeding
  • ulceration
  • boggy gingivae (overgrowth, discoloured somtimes)
  • petechiae
  • infiltration by malignant cells
  • infective presentation due to immunosuppression (herpes, candida, opportunistic infection)
54
Q

What are petechiae?

A

Tiny red, brown, purple spots that can develop on skin or mucosal surfaces e.g. mouth caused by breakages of capillaries

55
Q

How can lymphoma present orally?

A
  • palpable lymph nodes
  • extra/intra-oral swelling
  • ulceration
  • tooth migration/mobility
56
Q

What causes oral presentations of HIV?

A

Immunosuppression

57
Q

What are some oral presentations of HIV?

A
  • Kaposi’s sarcoma
  • ulceration
  • HPV lesions
  • salivary gland swelling
  • increased risk of malignancy
58
Q

What is Kaposi’s sarcoma and what virus is it associated with?

A

A type of cancer that causes masses to grow in under skin, in lymph nodes and other organs. Masses are usually purple. Associated with Herpesvirus-8.

59
Q

What are HPV lesions caused by?

A

Human papillomavirus

60
Q

What do HPV lesions look like?

A

Usually flat warts, can be cauliflower-like when genital.

GI (29 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions