W3 Flashcards
The first geothermal power plant was built in
Larderello in 1904
Who took an adventurous and dangerous trek alone and became the FIRST Euro-American to reach Yellowstone Lake where he witnessed some of the hot springs now known as the Colter’s Hell in US State of Wyoming
John Colter
The first commercial use of geothermal energy was recorded when __________ charged 1 dollar for the use of a spring-fed bath in a wooden tub.
Who is the person?
Asa Thompson
It is currently the largest geothermal production plant in opertaion in the USA today having 22 geothermal plants drawing steam from more than 350 wells located in the Mayacamas Mountains.
The Geysers
The first plant to resort to flash steam technology.
Warakei Plant
This was created to help encourage the development of geothermal resources in all parts of the world.
Geothermal Resources Council
It was formed in order to develop geothermal resources worldwode.
Geothermal Energy Association
The SECOND LARGEST GROUP of geothermal power plant is located in
Philippines
It is described schematically as convecting water in the upper crust of the Earth which in a confined space transfers heat from a heat source to a heat sink usually the free space.
Geothermal system
The geothermal system is composed of three main elements:
Heat source, resservoir and fluid
It can be either a very high temperature magmatic intrusion that has reached a shallow depth of 5-10 km or as in certain low-temperature systems, the Earth’s normal temperature which as we understand increases with depth.
Heat source
A volume of hot permeable rocks from which the circulation fluids extract heat.
Reservoir
This component is generally below a blanker of impermeable rocks and connected to a recharge area through which the meteoric waters can replace the fluids that escape from the reservoir through springs or boreholes.
Reservoir
It is the carrier that transfers the heat. It often carries with it other chemical and gas compounds such as carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, etc.
Geothermal fluid (Water)
The mechanism that governs this geothermal system is known as
Fluid Convection
It takes place due to the heating and consequent thermal expansion of fluids in a gravity field.
Convection
It is like a regular power plant except that no fuel is burned to heat water into stea,.
Geothermal Power Plant
It is drilled into a geothermal reservoir.
Production well
To allow the return of used geothermal fluids to the geothermal reservoir, an ________ is also drilled.
Injection Well
Is allowed to generate rapidly and provide rotational or mechanical energy to turn the turbine blades on a shaft.
Hot pressurized geothermal fluid or Secondary Working Fluid
What are the 2 primary pieces of equipment are used to convert geothermal energy to electrical energy?
Turbine and Generator
It is sent to a step-up transformer outside the power plant.
Electrical current from the generator
It is increased in the transformer and electrical current is then transmiited over power lines to homes, buildings, and business establishments.
Voltage
IS
HEAT WITHIN THE EARTH.
Geothermal Energy
THE WORD GEOTHERMAL
COMES FROM THE GREEK
WORDS:
GEO which means Earth and THERME which means Heat
IS A RENEWABLE ENERGY
SOURCE BECAUSE HEAT IS
CONTINUOUSLY PRODUCED
INSIDE THE EARTH.
Geothermal energy
As the name implies these are
reservoirs of hot underground water. There is a large amount of
them in the US, but they are more suited for space heating than
for electricity production.
Hot Water Reservoirs
A hole dug into the
ground can cause steam to come to the surface. This type of
resource is rare in the US.
Natural Steam Reservoirs
These were the first
type of plants created. They use underground
steam to directly turn the turbines.
Dry Steam Power Plants
These are the most common plants. These
systems pull deep, high pressured hot water that reaches temperatures of 360F
or more to the surface. This water is transported to low-pressure chambers, and the resulting steam drives the turbines. The remaining water and steam are
then injected back into the source from which they were taken.
Flash Steam Power Plants
This system passes moderately hot geothermal
water past a liquid, usually an organic fluid, that has a lower boiling point. The resulting steam from the organic liquid drives the turbines.
Binary Cycle Power Plants
This process does not produce any emissions and the water temperature
needed for the water is lower than that needed in the Flash Steam Plants
(2500F – 3600F).
Binary Cycle Power Plants
Are pools of water heated by magma deep below the surface.
Geothermal Reservoirs
> 150C
Dry Steam Power Plant
When a geothermal power plant uses hydrothermal fluidds, such as stea, in the same form as it comes from the grounds, the plant is called a
Dry steam power plant
This type of geothermal power plant is first created or the first type to be developed in Italy
Dry Steam Power Plant
This type of geothermal power plant is first created or the first type to be developed in Italy
Dry Steam Power Plant
In this type of power plant, water is pumped from the reservoir under HIGH PRESSURE. The pressure keeps the water in its liquid state despite the boiling point temperature of the fluid.
Flash Steam Power Plant
Fluid at temperatures 182C or beyond is pumped under high pressure into a tank at the surface held at a much lower pressure, causing some of the fluid to rapidly vaporize or “flash”
Flash Steam Power Plant
Fluid at temperatures 182C or beyond is pumped under high pressure into a tank at the surface held at a much lower pressure, causing some of the fluid to rapidly vaporize or “flash”
Flash Steam Power Plant
This type does not use water or steam to turn the turbine blades for power generation. Here, geothermal fluid at low to modertae temperature is used to heat a separate fluid that has a BOILING POINT LOWER than that of water.
Binary Cycle Power Plant
Are closed-loop systems and virtually nothing (except water vapor) is emitted to the atmosphere.
Binary Cycle Power Plants
Resources below ____ are the most common geothermal resource, suggesting that this power plant type will dominate the industry in years to come.
What temperature
205C
