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sleep and circadian > w2) neurobio of sleep > Flashcards

w2) neurobio of sleep Flashcards

1
Q

#1 wake promoting systems

What are the 7 wake promoting systems?

name NT involved- CM DOSHN

A

ascending reticular branch - 1) cholnergic 2) monoaminergic
3) norepinephrine
4) seratonin
5) histamine
6) dopaminergic
7) orexin hypocretin

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2
Q

#1 wake promoting systems

What does brainstem RF do in the EEG? to which brain region? result?

3 steps

A

brainstem reticular formation DYSYNCHRONIZES in EEG

basal forebrain BFB

result: wakefulness

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3
Q

Ascending Reticular formation branch 1

cholinergic pathway is a part of?

A

acending reticular fomation activating center

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4
Q

Ascending Reticular formation branch 1

cholinergic pathway invovled with which 2 main functions?

A

1) wakefulness
2) REM sleep

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5
Q

Ascending Reticular formation branch 1

Which 2 brain areas is cholinergic pathway presented in?
Which NT? highest amount in?

hint: LPA

A
  • LDT (lateral dorsal tegmental nuclei)
  • PPT (ped pontine tegmental)
  • releases acetylcholine
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6
Q

ascending reticular formation branch 2

What is the second ascending activating center? (after cholinergic)

A

monoaminergic pathway

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7
Q

ascending reticular formation branch 2

monoaminergic pathway invovled with what 1 main function? what type of inputs?

A

1) alertness
excitatory inputs

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8
Q

ascending reticular formation branch 2

monoaminergic most active in? less in? none in?

A

wake - most
NREM - less
REM - off

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9
Q

ascending reticular formation branch 2

What 4 major NT involved?

DSHN

A

dopamine
serotonin
histamine
norepineprhine

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10
Q

DSHN - D

Dopamine located in which 2 regions?

A

substancia nigra (STN)
VTA

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11
Q

DSHN - D

Dopamine has how many receptors? bursts in what pattern?

inc what?
dec what?

A

2 receptors - D1, D2
bursts activity is TEMPORARY
inc - wake, arousal
dec - SWS, REM sleep

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12
Q

DSHN - D

What are the 3 functions involved with dopamine?

A

locomotion
reward/pleasure
cognition

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13
Q

DSHN - S

Serotonin is located in which brain region?

A

raphe nuclei (RN)

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14
Q

DSHN - S

Serotonin regulates?
inc ?
dec?
most in? less in? off in?

A

regualtes behavior
inc quiet waking
dec REM
most in wake, less NREM, off in REM

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15
Q

DSHN - H

Histamine is located in which brain region? How many histamine receptors?

A

TMN = tuberomamiliary nuclei
3 H receptors

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16
Q

DSHN- H

drugs BLOCKING H1. H2 receptors (excitatory) will inc what?

A

blocking a waking NT - means will be less awake/sleep promoting

inc NREM, REM

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17
Q

DSHN - H

drugs using H3 receptors (inhibitory) will manage?

A

narcolepsy

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18
Q

DSHN - N

norepinephrine is located in which brain region? most in? less in? off in?
related to what type of behavior?

A

locus coeruleus (LC)
most in wake, less in NREM, off in REM
AROUSAL stress related beahvior

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19
Q

What is a NON monoaminergic wake promoting system?

A

orexin/hypocretin
excludes DSHN - mono
acetylcholine - cholin

20
Q

orexin/hypocretin

What is the role of orexin/hypocretin?
stimulates which 3 main aspects?
regulates REM/WAKE/NREM?

A

“life substance” stimulates wake, feeding, reward

regulates REM, WAKE

21
Q

orexin/hypocretin

Orexin/hypocretin most in? off in?
How many receptors?

A

most in wake
off in SWS, REM
wake maintenance

22
Q

orexin/hypocretin

If a person has NO orexin/hypocretin, what disease will most likely have?

A

narcolepsy - excessive sleepiness

23
Q

orexin/hypocretin

Which 1 brain region is orexin located?

A

hypothalamus

24
Q

orexin/hypocretin

What NT is involved in hypothalamus?

25
What NT is PPT and LDT? | hint: C for Charlie is in charge of the powerpoint PPT
acetycholine - cholinergic pathway
26
What NT is in STN and VTA? | hint: D (David) is at the VTA Station (STN)
dopamine
27
What NT is in RN - raphe nuclei? | S (Suanne) and Raphe
Serotonin
28
What NT is in tuberomammillary TBN? | H (Henry) is in bathing in a tub...
Histamine
29
What NT is in LC - locus coeruleus? | N (Nate) loves to give lotus flowers
Norepinephrine
30
# sleep REM promoting systems What are the 2 main REM sleep promoting systems?
VLPO - ventro lateral pre-optic nucleus parafacial zone PFZ note: also MnPN
31
# sleep REM promoting systems What NT is most activated in VLPO and PFZ?
GABA
32
# VLPO Which brain region is the source of VLPO? releases what NT?
anterior hypothalamus GABA
33
# in VLPO (source 1) Is GABA sustained or not? IS GABA highest before/or after sleep onset?
sustained highest AFTER sleep onset
34
# MnPN Is GABA sustained or not? IS GABA highest before/or after sleep onset?
not sustained hgihest in EARLY NREM, dec in sleep onset
35
sleep wake transition and flip flop switch is a see-saw of wake/sleep. When SLEEP SIGNAL IS HIGH, what is INHIBITIED/which NT ? what is ACTIVE?
INACTIVE- cholin, mono, DSHN, O ACTIVE - VLPO, PFZ, eyes facial zone,
36
sleep wake transition and flip flop switch is a see-saw of wake/sleep. When WAKE SIGNAL IS HIGH, what is INHIBITIED/which NT? what is ACTIVE?
INACTIVE - VLPO, PFZ, GABA inhibitied ACTIVE - mono, amin, DSHN, O, Glutamate
37
Which NT does PFZ inhibit?
Glutamate
38
# key part of sleep wake flip flop switch Is there a NT ON IN BOTH sleep and wake systems? Which one? What's the role?
Orexin - on in both sleep and wake role - STABILIZER
39
# process S Process S is related to sleep ? builds up when ? dec and off when? what substance inc? related to which sleep stage?
homeostasis, related to sleep pressure propenisty builds when awake highest in nightime dec and off once asleep adenodinr inc proportion to wake hours, related to SWS
40
# process S sleep regulation homeostasis is which process?
Process S
41
# process C Process C is regulated by? what is the master clock in humans regulating rhythm? reset by what stimulus?
circadian regulation SCN -suprachiasmatic nucleus in ant hypothalamus rest near 24 hr - by LIGHT
42
# SWS When is SWS highest in the night? start, mid or end?
start 1/4 of night
43
extending awake time (process S) will do what to sleep pressure?
delay time to fall asleep
44
napping will do what to sleep pressure and SWS?
extend sleep presssure timing, used to rise and peak at 9 pm --> 11 pm dec next SWS at night
45
Which NT is most in hypothalamus? in charge of what 3 roles? | hint: O (oliver) focuses on ...
Orexin wake, feed, pleasure

sleep and circadian (6 decks)

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