W1D2 Flashcards
Where and what was the first developmental study?
Ancient Egypt. A shepherd was ordered not to speak to two children he was raising. The first words they spoke was bekos, meaning that the Phrygian language is innate. This is a bunch of bollocks, but still interesting.
What’s another name for controlled-rearing studies?
Deprivation studies
What are two kinds of controlled-rearing studies?
Behavioral studies with animals and natural experiments (unintentional deprivation).
What happens if you raise a kitten in the dark, then turn on the lights, how will visual depth perception develop?
Need to experience their own movement AND see happens to develop depth perception.
In the experiment with people in poverty who had cataracts, if they cured cataracts, could they identify a cube vs. a sphere by sight?
Not at first! They need time to learn.
Who was Genie?
Girl that was raised in a room all by herself.
Where does knowledge come from, according to Aristotle?
It comes from experience.
Which philosopher said humans started as a ‘blank slate’?
John Locke
What two things started empirical research?
Social reform movement (child labor laws) and works of Darwin.
What method did Darwin contribute to the field of psychology?
Diary method.
Darwin drew parallels between _________ and _________
Human prenatal growth and other animals.
Freud believed behavior is motivated by ____________
Unconscious, instinctual drives.
According to Freud, what drives change within each developmental stage?
Psychosexual drives.
Who pointed out the mystery of infantile amnesia?
Freud.
What’s the sole focus of behaviorism?
The relation between environment and behavior.
B.F. Skinner and John Watson identified with which branch of psychology?
Behaviorism.
What do nativists believe?
Some knowledge is built in, we aren’t a blank slate.
What type of psychologist would say ‘to explain behavior, we have to think about the mind?’
A cognitive psychologist.
Who was the father of modern developmental psychology?
Jean Piaget
What were some of Piaget’s main ideas?
A child’s capacity to understand concepts is limited by their stage of development.
What did Watson conclude from his study of Little Albert?
That fear is learned.
Why do people easily develop phobias of snakes and spiders, rather than guns or cars?
We are ‘prepared’ (by our evolutionary history) to easily learn that certain things are dangerous.
What is an example of a quantitative change vs a qualitative change?
A tree growing taller is a quantitative change while the stages a butterfly goes through are qualitative.
