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ASTR109 The Cosmos: Birth & Evolution - Canterbury Uni 2022S1 > W10 L1 - Galaxy types and features > Flashcards

W10 L1 - Galaxy types and features Flashcards

Summarises the shapes of galaxies and the cyclical processes within them

1
Q

How thick is the Milky Way Galaxy?

A

About 1,000 light years thick

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2
Q

How far from the center is the Milky Way?

A

About 28,000 light years

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3
Q

Name two features outside the main disc of the Milky Way

A

Globular clusters and halo

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4
Q

What embeds the luminous matter in the Milky Way?

A

Dark matter

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5
Q

What angle is the ecliptic tilted to the Milky Way?

A

60 degrees

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6
Q

How many spiral arms does our Milky Way galaxy have?

A

Four (probably, it’s debated)

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7
Q

What are the orbital kinematics of the halo and bulge stars?

A

Random orientations

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8
Q

What are the orbital kinematics of the disc stars?

A

Dolphin dive like

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9
Q

How long does the Sun take to orbit the Milky Way?

A

230 million years

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10
Q

What speed does the Sun orbit the Milky Way?

A

220 km/s

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11
Q

How do stars recycle material into the galaxy?

A

Blow material off with planetary nebulae or supernovae

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12
Q

Which has the stronger stellar winds? Large or small stars?

A

Large

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13
Q

What do supernovae blow out of the galactic disc?

A

Hot bubbles that condense to form hydrogen clouds and then molecular clouds

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14
Q

What are the 4 steps in the recycling process of a star in a galaxy?

A

1) Star performs fusion 2) bubble 3) enrichment 4) next generation of star

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15
Q

What wavelength could you use to see bubbles being pushed out of the Milky Way disc?

A

X-ray

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16
Q

What wavelength would you use to see the H cooled into the galactic plane?

A

Radio (21cm)

17
Q

What wavelength and molecule could you use to scan the sky for molecular clouds?

A

Radio, carbon monoxide

18
Q

Name two types of nebula

A

Emission and reflection

19
Q

What type of nebula is Orion?

A

Emission

20
Q

What’s another name for an emission nebula?

A

Ionisation nebula

21
Q

Where does star formation in a spiral galaxy happen?

A

In the spiral arms

22
Q

Does the halo contain young or old stars?

A

Old stars

23
Q

What’s the acronym for galaxy shapes?

A

ISE

24
Q

Name the 3 main shapes of galaxies

A

1) spiral, 2) irregular, 3) elliptical

25
Q

What is the most common shape of spiral galaxy?

A

Barred spiral galaxy

26
Q

What age stars tend to be in elliptical galaxies?

A

Older mellow chill stars

27
Q

What type of galaxy are the Magellanic clouds?

A

Irregular galaxies

28
Q

What emission nebula is beside the Magellanic Cloud?

A

Tarantula Nebula

29
Q

What’s the upper limit on the number of spiral galaxies you might find hanging with each other?

A

Up to a few dozen

30
Q

How many elliptical galaxies might you find grouped together?

A

Hundreds to thousands

ASTR109 The Cosmos: Birth & Evolution - Canterbury Uni 2022S1 (17 decks)

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