W1:S5 - Blood Supply to the Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q
A
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2
Q

From which arteries do the left and right vertebral arteries arise?

A

L&R Subclavian

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3
Q

Which part of the brain is the basillar artery closely related to?

A

The pons

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4
Q

How does the basillar artery form?

A

Joining of the 2 vertebral arteries

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5
Q

Which arteries completes the anterior part of the circle of willis by linking the internal carotid to the ACA

A

Anterior communicating arteries

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6
Q

Which of the cerebral arteries travels in this fissure?

A

ACA

  • Longitudinal fissure
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7
Q

Which of the cerebral arteries travels in this sulcus?

A

MCA

  • Lateral sylvian fissure
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8
Q

Which of the cerebral arteries travels in this fissure (as well as the calcarine)?

A

PCA

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9
Q
A
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10
Q

What cerebral arteries supply the primary motor cortex?

A

ACA (superiorly)

MCA

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11
Q

What cerebral arteries supply the primary sensory area?

A

ACA (superiorly and medially)

MCA

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12
Q

Which cerebral artery supplies the primary visual area?

A

PCA

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13
Q

Which cerebral artery supplies the primary auditory area?

A

MCA

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14
Q

Which cerebral artery supplies the area for olfaction?

A

MCA

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15
Q

Study this to see which areas will lose sensation/motor function as a result from bleeds in the ACA/MCA

A

ACA = trunk down

MCA = fine motor areas

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16
Q

Which parts of the brain are supplied by the vertebrobasillar system?

A

Cerebellum

Brainstem

Inner ear

17
Q

Identify this artery

A

Superior cerebellar artery

18
Q

Which cranial nerve emerges immediately above the superior cerebellar artery?

A

Occulomotor nerve

19
Q

What is this and what is it’s function?

A

Carotid sinus

  • Pressure receptor
  • Monitors volume of blood flow to the head
  • Sensory nerves from the pharyngeal plexus
20
Q

What is this and what is it’s function?

A

Carotid body

  • Chemoreceptors detect low oxygen levels
  • Sensory nerves run in the glossopharyngeal nerve and increase HR, RR and BP in response to anoxia
21
Q
A
22
Q

What are emissary veins?

A

Small veins connecting venous sinuses with diploe of the skull and superficial fascia

23
Q

What forms this groove?

A

Sigmoid sinus

24
Q

What forms this groove?

A

Superior sagittal sinus

25
Q

What is this?

A

Cavernous sinus

26
Q

What veins drain into the cavernous sinus?

A

Superior opthalmic

Middle cerebral

27
Q

What neurovascular structures pass through the cavernous sinus?

A

Nerves

  • Occulomotor nerve
  • Trochlear
  • Opthalmic division of trigeminal
  • Abducens

Vessels that drain into it

  • Opthalmic vein
  • Middle cerebral vein
28
Q

What causes a cavernous sinus thrombosis?

A

Spreading of infection from the nose

29
Q

How does infection spread into the cavernous sinus?

A

Through the superior opthalmic vein

30
Q

What does a cavernous sinus thrombosis cause?

A

Loss of vision

  • Pressure on optic chiasm

Occulomotor palsy

Trochlear palsy

Abducens palsy

Loss of sensation to the forehead

31
Q

What is the blood supply of the spinal cord?

A

Anterior and posterior spinal arteries

32
Q

What arteries fuse to form the anterior spinal artery?

A

Vertebral arteries

33
Q
A