W1: Prescription for rehabilitation

Question 1

Name two types of PA intensity measurements

Answer 1

RPA, MET

Question 2

Why is the CDD4 recommendations developed?

Answer 2

Because of the many individual recommendations for the thousands of chronic conditions and causes disability. Where the majority of recommendations are similar for most chronic conditions.

Question 3

What are the recommendation PA/week for the CDD4

Answer 3

150 minutes/week of moderate intensity PA. If too difficult 150 minutes/week of light intensity PA.

Question 4

What are the CDD4 recommendations for muscle strengthening activities? Name an example of such exercise

Answer 4

2 days of muscle strengthening activities.

Examples: 8 consecutive sit and stand exercise, at least 10 step-ups with each foot, 8 consecutive bicep curls with minimum weight of 2kg (4kg recommended)

Question 5

What are the steps to take for individuals at risk of fall?

Answer 5

first diagnose whether the condition of falling is treatable. If it is treatable, get supervision from trained exercise therapist in fall prevention

Question 6

Name 5 of the CV and respiratory health benefits of regular PA and/or exercise

Answer 6

1. Improved Oxygen Uptake (Both peripheral and central)
2. Lower minute ventilation
3. Decreased Myocardial oxygen cost at any given absolute intensity
4. Decreased HR and. blood pressure at any given submaximal exercise intensity
5. Higher capillary density
6. Increased lactate threshold
7. Increased threshold for the onset of disease signs of symptoms

Question 7

Name 6 of the CV risk factors that can be reduced as a result of regular PA and/or exercise

Answer 7

1. Reduced resting systolic and diastolic BP
2. Increased Serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol and decreased serum triglycerides
3. Reduced total body fat, reduced intra-abdominal fat
4. reduced insulin needs (insulin sensitivity), improved glucose tolerance
5. Reduced blood platelets that cause blood clot
6. Reduced inflammation

Question 8

Name how physical activity/exercise can act as primary and secondary preventions of morbidity and mortality

Answer 8

Primary (intervention to prevent the initial occurance):
1. Lower death rates from CAD
2. Lower incident rates of CVD, CAD, strokes, type 2 diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, osteoporotic fractures, cancer of the colon and breast, gallbladder disease.

Secondary (Interventions to prevent the incidents after the occurence):
1. CVD and all-cause mortality rate in patients with myocardial Infarctions participating in Cardiac Rehab

Question 9

Name 5 mental, and lifestyle health benefits through regular PA

Answer 9

1. Improved mental health
2. Decreased anxiety depression
3. Enhanced physical functioning and independent living for older adults
4. Improved performance for work, recreational and sport activities
5. Reduced risk of falls in older adults
6. Promote positive mental health
7. Improved cognitive functioning
8. Prevention or mitigation of function limitation in older adults

Question 10

What are some health benefits from exercise training for individuals with chronic conditons?

Answer 10

1. Effective therapy for many chronic conditions
2. Increased longevity and mitigates disability in some conditions
3. More disability free life, maintains independence.
4. Improves metabolic functioning, Shift away from diabetes, CV diseas, and weight gain
5. Improved QOL

Question 11

What are some risks of exercise

Answer 11

There could be possible CV complications and musculoskeletal injury

Question 12

What are some characteristics of the people at risks of injury through exercise

Answer 12

1. Individuals competing in high level settings are susceptible
2. Most come from hereditary or congenial abnormalities

Question 13

In order to reduce the risks through exercise, what are the 4 steps thats should be taken according to the ACSM guidelines.

Answer 13

1. Informed consent process
2. Pre-participation screening
3. Check health History
4. CV risk factor analysis

Question 14

What are the common two methods of ACSM pre-participation screening

Answer 14

1. Self-guided method
2. Algorithm

Question 15

What are the steps in an algorithm ACSM pre-participation screening

Answer 15

1. Identify their physical activeness
2. Identify any known CVD, Metabolic, Renal disease OR signs/symptoms suggestive of cardia, peripheral vascular, cerebrovascular disease, type 1 and 2 diabetes. and renal disease
3. Identify the desired exercise intensity

Question 16

Why might the CVD risk factor assessment still be relevant?

Answer 16

1 Important to identify and control the risk factors for overall CV and metabolic disease prevention and managements.
2. Provide important information for designing an exercise prescription, the need fir lifestyle adjustment and education about CVD risk reductions.

Question 17

When is the risk for acute exercise-related CV events highest among the population?

Answer 17

habitually sedentary. individuals with a known CVD performing un-accustomed vigorous intensity PA (Riebe et al)

Question 18

Why is the CV risk factors assessment removed from the new ACSM exercise pre-participation health screening process

Answer 18

refer to Riebe et al p.4

Question 19

Should someone with pulmonary disease be referred for medical clearance?

Answer 19

No. But patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and CVD are comorbid because of the risk factors in smoking. Presence of COPD is an independent predictor of CV events. (ACSM guidelines)