Vygotsky and Comparing & Contrasting w Piaget Flashcards
what is social constructivism?
our cognition is a result of social and cultural interactions
what are different levels of analysis?
- microgenetic development - brief periods
- ontogenetic dev - over individual’s life
- phylogenetic dev - over species’ life
- sociohistorical dev
how does culture effect development in children?
- mental functions at birth are shaped by culture
- cultures teach children values
is nature collaborative? how do we know?
major discoveries occur when children are in collaborative interactions with mature social partners
what is the zone of proximal development? (Vygotsky, 1978)
the distance between the actual developmental level as determined by independent problem solving and the level of potential development as determined through problem solving under adult guidance or in collaboration w more capable peers
what is scaffolding?
the more mature social partner responds contingently to the child’s behaviour - simplifying a task according to their ZPD
what is guided participation? (re culture)
informal tuition of culture - relevant practices, common to many non-industrialised societies
what is context-independent learning?
the learning of a skill or strategy independently of a specific situation in which the skill will be applied
what was Piaget’s belief on self-directed speech in regards to development?
considered self-directed speech to be egocentric and irrelevant to development
what were Vygotsky’s beliefs on speech and development?
- early language reflects what children know
- speech and thought then merge until speech for self becomes silent but remains as a cognitive self-guidance system
outline the role of play in development
- crucial for development of symbolic thinking
- helps children learn to internalise their imagination
- pretend play helps children to rehearse social rules and practice self-regulation
