vulkanizem Flashcards

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1
Q

vulkanizem

A

vulkanska dejavnost: posledica podrivanja in razmikanja plošč predvsem v ognjenem obroču

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2
Q

vulkani

A

magma v notranjosti, lava na površju; ima glavni in stranske kraterje; T=1300-1500ºC; viskoznost=notranje trenje magme

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3
Q

lapili

A

kamni v zraku, ki jih izvrže para, plini

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4
Q

tuf=groh

A

vulkanska kamnina, sestavljajo jo pepel, kristalčki in magmatske kamnine

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5
Q

erupcija

A

izbruh vulkana, havajski tip v. izbruhne lavo, vezuvijski tip pa trdne delce

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6
Q

kaldera

A

vdolbina, kjer je razneslo srednji in zgornji del vulkana; če jo zalije voda, nastane jezero- največja kaldera Ngorongoro v Tanzaniji

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7
Q

aktivnost vulkanov

A

aktivni-Stromboli, Liparski otoki S od Sicilije
speči-Vezuv
neaktivni-Centralni masiv

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8
Q

tipi vulkanov

A

stratovulkan-pepel, lava, veliki, visoki; Fuji
ščitasti- ogromni, položni, iz zaporednih izlivov; Kilimandžaro, Havaji
žlindrasti- strmi iz žlindri (Fe+S) podobne lave; Paricutin v Mehiki, Popocatepetl

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9
Q

pozitivne/negativne plati vulkanov

A

+: rodovitna prst, nova otočja (japonska, Kanarski otoki), uporaba gejzirov na Islandiji
-: naravne katastrofe npr. Pompeji

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