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GRADE 12 > VSP VOCAB 1-6 > Flashcards

VSP VOCAB 1-6 Flashcards

1
Q

retribution

A

n. punishment for offenses; compensation
s: chastisement, condemnation, discipline
a: acquittal, forgiveness, overlooking, pardoning

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2
Q

reticence

A

n. inclination to be silent
s: reserve, silence, taciturnity, uncommunicativeness
a: frankness, ingenuousness, openness, talkativeness

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3
Q

respite

A

n. an interval of relief or rest; a delay of punishment
s: intermission, lull, pause, postponement, recess, suspension
a: activity, continuity, movement; action, execution

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4
Q

reprisal

A

n. forcible seizure in retaliation for injuries received; injury done in return for injury received
s: counterattack, retaliation, revenge
a: compromise, reconciliation, submission

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5
Q

reprehensible

A

adj. deserving of blame, rebuke, or censure
s: blameworthy, condemnable, reprovable
a: blameless, commendable, laudatory

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6
Q

replete

A

adj. abundantly supplied; well-filled
s: bountiful, complete, full, plenary
a: drained, empty, insufficient

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7
Q

renunciation

A

n. the act of formally or voluntarily giving up a claim or title
s: abnegation, sacrifice, self-denial, surrender
a: assertion, claim, demand

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8
Q

remonstrance

A

n. the act of objecting or protesting
s: expostulation, objection, protestation
a:acquiescence, agreement, assent, consent

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9
Q

recumbent

A

adj. reclining; lying down; resting
s: couchant, dormant, prone, prostrate, supine
a: erect, standing, upright

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10
Q

discomfit

A

v. to cause uneasiness, embarrassment, or confusion
s: disconcert, fluster, unnerve

v. to thwart the plans or purposes of
s: foil, frustrate, hinder
a: accomplish, effect,fulfill

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11
Q

corroborate

A

v. to strengthen or confirm by agreeing statements or new evidence
s: authenticate, certify, document, substantiate, validate, verify
a: contradict, invalidate, negate, nullify

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12
Q

coerce

A

v. to force someone to comply or obey, as by pressure, threats or intimidation; to effect by force
s: bully, compel, constrain, extort, oblige
a: blandish, cajole, coax, entreat, inveigle, persuade

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13
Q

sporadic

A

adj. occuring in occasional or isolated instances
s: infrequent, irregular, occasional, random, spotty
a: frequent, regular, unbroken, unremitting

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14
Q

pseudonym

A

n. a fictitious name ,as one assumed by an author
s: alias cryptonym, nom de plume, pen name

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15
Q

plethora

A

n. excess, superabundance
s: oversupply, profusion, superfluity
a: dearth, inadequacy, insufficiency, scantiness

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16
Q

panacea

A

n. a supposed remedy for all diseases or ills
s: cure-all, elixir, nostrum

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17
Q

idiosyncrasy

A

n. a temperament peculiar to an individual; any personal peculiarity or mannerism
s: eccentricity, oddity, pecularity, singularity
a: commonness, normality, ordinariness

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18
Q

epithet

A

n. a name or title used to describe or characterize a person or thing
s: appellation, designation, label, nickname

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19
Q

eon

A

n. an indefinitely long time
s: ages, eternity, forever, years

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20
Q

demagogue

A

n. a leader who appeals to the emotions and prejudices of the populace in order to obtain power
s: agitator, haranguer, rabble-rouser

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21
Q

criterion

A

n. a test, rule, or standard by which something is judged
s: barometer, gauge, guideline, norm, touchstone, yardstick

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22
Q

caustic

A

adj. capable of burning, corroding, or destroying tissue by chemical action
s: acidic, cankerous, corrosive
a: healing, restorative

adj. cutting or sarcastic in utterance
s: sardonic, scathing
a: amiable, cordial, gracious, kind

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23
Q

anathema

A

n. a person or thing accursed or consigned to damnation; a formal ecclesiastical curse or ban
s: banishment, damnation, excommunication, interdiction
a: acceptance, reception, sanction

n. a person or thing greatly detested
s: abhorrence, abomination, nuisance
a: admiration, delight, joy

n. a curse or imprecation generally
s: denunciation, execration, malediction
a: benediction, blessing, praise

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24
Q

agnostic

A

n. one who holds that the existence of God is unknown and unknowable; one who asserts that all claims to knowledge are uncertain
s: nonbeliever, skeptic
a: believer

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25
Q

trajectory

A

n. the direction of an object through space

n. a course taken
s: curve, direction, flight, flow, movement, route, track, trail
a: deviation, misdirection

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26
Q

sanction

A

n. authoritative permission for an action
s: approcal, authorization, endorsement, ratification
a: disapprobation, disapproval

n. a penalty imposed to encourage compliance to law
s: ban, injunction

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27
Q

precursor

A

n. a person or thing that goes before and heralds the coming of another person or thing; one who precedes another in a course or office
s: harbinger, herald, messenger; forerunner, predecessor

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28
Q

plagiarism

A

n. ** the act of stealing and using the ideas or writings of another as one’s own**
s: appropriation, arrogation, theft

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29
Q

perdition

A

n. condition of the sould lost in eternal punishment
s: condemnation, damage, deprivation, desolation, destruction, doom, torment, wreckage
a: salvation

30
Q

penury

A

n. extreme poverty
s: destitution, indigence, privation, want
a: affluence, luxury, opulence, wealth

31
Q

hiatus

A

n. a break or interruption in something; a gap; a pause
s: intermission, interval, lacuna, recess, respite
a: continuation, continuity

32
Q

frugality

A

n. the quality of being thrifty; not spending or using unnecessarily
s: economy, moderation, self-denial, thrift
a: extravagance, lavishness, prodigality, wastefulness

33
Q

dirge

A

n. a funeral song or lament; any song or poem expressing mourning
s: elegy, requiem, threnody

34
Q

clemency

A

n. mercy in the exercise of authority or power; leniency toward an offender or enemy
s: beneficence, easement, magnanimity, mitigation, relief
a: harshness, rigidity, severity, strictness

35
Q

cadence

A

n. intonation of the voice
s: accent, inflection, lilt, tone

n. measured movement, such as in music and writing
s: beat, pace, pulse, rhythm, stroke, tempo

36
Q

belligerence

A

n. revealing hostility and a readiness to fight
s: aggression, antagonism, combativeness, militarism, violence
a: civility, peace, submission, surrender

37
Q

vulnerable

A

adj. susceptible to wounds; open to attack
s: defenseless, exposed, unprotected
a: impregnable, invulnerable, unconquerable

38
Q

strident

A

adj. loud, harsh, grating
s: earsplitting, hoarse, loud, raucous, stentorian
a: low, low-pitched, muted, soft

39
Q

ruminate

A

v. to chew the cud; to meditate or reflect on
s: meditate, muse, ponder

40
Q

procrastinate

A

v. to put off doing something until a future time; to postpone habitually
s: dawdle, delay, lag, loiter
a: hasten, hurry

41
Q

pestilent

A

adj. tending to destroy life; dangerous to the moral, social, or political welfare of society
s: baleful, destructive, detrimental, inurious, ruinous
a: harmless, innocuous, healthful, uncorrupting

42
Q

penitent

A

adj. feeling sorrow for one’s sins and being willing to repent
s: contrite remorseful, repentant
a: adamant, inexorable, obdurate

43
Q

insurgent

A

adj. rising in active revolt against constituted authority
s: factious, insubordinate, rebellious
a: acquiescent, resigned, submissive

44
Q

indomitable

A

adj. not easily discouraged or defeated; unconquerable
s: determined, invincible, invulnerable, irrepressible, resolute, unbeatable
a: capitulating, conquerable, yielding

45
Q

impeccable

A

adj. not capable of sin; faultless
s: errorless, flawless, infallible, sinless, undefiled
a: blameworthy, culpable, fallible, imperfect, sinful

46
Q

elucidate

A

v. to make clear or plain especially by explanation
s: clarify, explicate, expound, illuminate, interpret
a: complicate, confuse, distract, muddle, obscure

47
Q

augment

A

v. to make greater, as in size, quantity, and strength; to supplement
s: amplify, boost, enlarge, expand, extend, increase, intensify, strengthen
a: decrease, deduct, degrade, diminish, lessen, reduce

48
Q

abdicate

A

v. to officially renounce power or neglect to complete a responsibility or duty
s: hand over, relinquish, resign, step down
a: assume, claim, continue, maintain

49
Q

inundate

A

v. to cover with water; to overwhelm as if with a flood
s: drown, overpower, overwhelm, submerge
a: extricate, uncover

50
Q

intrepid

A

adj. fearless
s: brave, courageous, daring, unafraid, undaunted
a: cowardly, craven, fearful, scared

51
Q

insipid

A

adj. without excitement or appeal
s: banal, bland, boring, dull, inane,lifeless, trite
a: exciting, exhilarating, fascinating, fresh, interesting, lively, relevant

52
Q

indemnify

A

v. to protect against or compensate for damage or loss
s: assure, cover, guarantee, insure, protect, refund, reimburse, repay
a: deprive, forfeit, lose

53
Q

incarcerate

A

v. to imprison
s: confine, immure, impound, jail
a: emancipate, free, liberate, release

54
Q

imbibe

A

v. to drink; to absorb or take in with the senses as if by drinking\
s: quaff; absorb, assimilate, digest, ingest
a: disgorge, eject, exude; dispel, disseminate, teach

55
Q

extenuate

A

v. to lessen the seriousness of the circumstance by giving excuses
s: explanation, justification, mitigation, qualification, vindication

56
Q

exorbitant

A

adj. going beyond what is reasonable; excessive
s: extravagant, inordinate, unreasonable
a: inadequate, insufficient

57
Q

exemplify

A

v. to illustrate something by acting as an example
s: demonstrate, embody, epitomize, illustrate, personify, represent
a: distract, misrepresent, obscure

58
Q

emanate

A

v. to flow forth or originate from a source
s: arise, derive issue, originate, proceed
a: cease, decrease, stop terminate

59
Q

egregious

A

adj. outstandingly bad
s: flagrant, gross, infamous, notorious, outrageous
a: honorable, illustrious, noble, notable

60
Q

efface

A

v, to erase or remove something as if by rubbing
s: destroy, erode, obliterate, rub out, wear away
a: ameliorate, build construct, restore

61
Q

aggrandize

A

v. to make greater, richer, more powerful
s: enlarge, expand, increase, upgrade
a: decrease, degreade detract, lessen, lower, minimize

v. to exaggerate
s: amplify, boast, inflate, magnify, overstate, overvalue, puff up
a: belittle, debase

62
Q

banal

A

adj. **lacking freshness or originality; commonplace, ordinary
s: insipid, pedestrian, platitudinous, vapid
a: original, piquing, pithy, stimulating

63
Q

chicanery

A

n. trickery, especially in legal dealings; the use of subterfuge or trickery in debate
s: beguilement, deception, duplicity, fraud, sophistry, stratagem
a: candor, forthrightness, frankness, sincerity, straightforwardness

64
Q

denote

A

v. to indicate
s: convey, express, imply suggest

65
Q

entrepreneur

A

n. one who organizes and manages a business, assuming the risk of profit or loss
s: businessman, director, enterpriser, financier, manager

66
Q

fetish

A

n. an inanimate object thought to have inherent magical powers, and therefore worshiped

n. anything irrationally reverenced; obession
s: amulet, attachment, charm, fixation, idol, talisman

67
Q

heinous

A

adj. hatefully bad or wicked; abominable
s: atrocious, monstrous, outrageous
a: humane, noble, virtuous

68
Q

pensive

A

adj. thinking deeply or seriously, often of sad or melancholy things
s: contemplative, meditative, reflective, thoughtful
a: carefree, flippant, heedless, unreflecting

69
Q

pique

A

v. to evoke resentment in
s: anger, annoy, displease, irritate
a: appease, assuage, placate, soothe

v. to arouse
s: attract, interest, intrigue, provoke, stimulate
a: bore, disenchant, disenthrall, disinterest

70
Q

plaintive

A

adj. expressing sorrow; mournful
s: doleful, dolorous, lugubrious, melancholy, rueful, sorrowful
a: cheerful, joyful, jubilant

71
Q

trenchant

A

adj. forceful and effective, keen, penetrating
s: expressive, striking , vigorous; biting, cutting, incisive
a: banal, flat; dull, feeble

72
Q

verdant

A

adj. green with growing plants or grass; green in color
s: grass-covered, grassy, green, plant-covered, verdurous
a: barren, waste

adj. unripe in knowledge or judgment; unsophisticated
s: inexperienced, immature, naive
a: knowledgeable,sophisticated

GRADE 12 (7 decks)

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