VP VOCAB 7-12 Flashcards
adj harsh or bitter in disposition, speech, or manner
Syn: caustic, choleric, irascible, sarcastic, surly
Ant: bland, genial, gentle, gracious, mild
acrimonious
adj different from the usual or standard; hard to identify or classify because of abnormality
Syn: abnormal, atypical, bizarre, divergent, exceptional, irregular, odd, peculiar, uncommon, unusual
Ant: conforming, normal, regular, standard, usual
anomalous
adj involving hard labor; to test one’s endurance
Syn: grueling, laborious, strenuous, taxing, tiring
Ant: easy, facile, simple
arduous
adj irrelevant to the present topic; a nonessential part
Syn: inessential, irrelevant, superfluous, unconnected, unimportant, unnecessary, unrelated
Ant: basic, central, essential, integral, necessary, needed pertinent, relevant
extraneous
adj unauthentic or fabricated
Syn: artificial, contrived, insincere, stimulated, unnatural
Ant: authentic, factual, genuine, natural, real, sincere, true
factitious
adj involving untrue information that harms someone’s reputation
Syn: defamatory, injurious, slanderous, unfounded, vilifying
Ant: admiring, complimentary, praising, reputable, respectful
libelous
adj physically or morally harmful
Syn: baneful, corrupting, deleterious, injurious, pernicious
Ant: beneficial, healthful, salubrious, sanitary, wholesome
noxious
adj **occurring or appearing after one’s death (as a child born after the death of its father, or a writing published after the death of the author)
Syn: after-death, post-mortem, post-orbit
posthumous
adj lacking in courage; characterized by weakness of spirit
Syn: cowardly, craven, fainthearted
Ant: brave, courageous, daring, stout-hearted
pusillanimous
adj given to complaining; full of complaints
Syn: fretful, irritable, peevish, petulant,waspish, whining
Ant: content, easygoing, forbearing, good-natured, patient, satisfied
querulous
adj harsh-sounding or loud; rambunctious and rowdy
Syn:boisterous,disorderly, hoarse, noisy, riotous, rough, strident, unruly, wild
Ant: behaved, calm, orderly, quiet, restrained, subdued
raucous
adj taken or done stealthily or secretly; unauthorized
Syn: clandestine, covert, furtive, secret, underhanded
Ant: aboceboard, open, overt, unconcealed
surreptitious
adj turned away in mind or feeling; opposed to
Syn:disinclined, hesitant, loath, reluctant
Ant: eager, favorable, inclined, willing
averse
adj **showing caution; watchful on all sides; attentive to everything that may affect action or decision
Syn:careful, cautious, wary; judicious, provident, prudent
Ant:heedless, reckless, unwary; imprudent, inattentive, injudicious
circumspect
n the elements or parts of; composed
Syn:basic, component, element, essential, integral, principal
Ant:whole
constituent
adj deserving blame
Syn:blameworthy, censurable, reprehensible, reproachable
Ant:blameless, creditable, impeccable, laudable, praiseworthy
culpable
adj deprived of the barest necessities of life; living in absolute poverty
Syn:indigent, necessitous, needy, penniless, poor, poverty-stricken
Ant:affluent, opulent, rich, wealthy
destitute
v to reveal; to show plainly; to prove
Syn:demonstrate,evidence, evince,show
Ant:conceal,cover,hide, mask
manifest
adj observable without being concealed
Syn:apparent, blatant, clear, discernible, evident, explicit, manifest, obvious, open, plain, unconcealed
Ant:concealed, covert,deceitful,devious,hidden,inconspicuous,private,secret,subtly
overt
v to make impossible by previous action; prevent
Syn:abort,avert, forestall, obviate
Ant:effect, facilitate, further, open the door for, permit, promote
preclude
n one who withdraws from the world to live in seclusion
Syn:anchorite, cenobite, eremite, hermit
Ant:socializer
Adj withdrawn from the world
Syn:secluded, separated, sequestered
Ant:companionable,gregarious, neighborly, sociable
recluse
adj in the mentioned order
Syn:accordingly, corresponding,hence, particularly, subsequently, successively
respectively
n a looking back on the past; a review of something past
Syn:memory, recollection, remembrance, reminiscence
Ant:forgetfulness, oblivion
retrospect
n a belief, doctrine, or principle held as true
Syn:conviction, creed, dogma, precept
tenet
n extravagant actions
Syn:capers, frolics, pranks, tricks
Antics
adj causing death, destruction, or ruin; very harmful
Syn:detrimental, noxious, pernicious, toxic
Ant:beneficial, healthful, profitable, wholesome
baneful
n a request or favor; a blessing
Syn:benefit, blessing, bonus, donation, fortune, gain, grant, present
Ant: curse, disadvantage, hindrance, liability, loss, misfortune
boon
n government through bureaus run by nonelective officials; government officials collectively
Syn:bureaucrat, bureaucratic, bureaucratically, bureaucratize, bureaucratization
bureaucracy
n a person who delights in an art or science in an amateurish or superficial way; a superficial amateur
Syn:dabbler, nonprofessional, novice, sciolist, tyro
Ant:connoisseur, expert, master, professional
dilettante
adj exhibiting unstable behavior
Syn:capricious,erratic,fickle,impulsive,unrealiable,whimsical
Ant:dependable,directed,reliable,stable
flighty
adj too bright or glaring;showy
Syn:flashy,gaudy,ostentatious,tawdry
Ant:somber,subdued,tasteful
garish
n a long,noisy,or scolding speech
Syn:bombast, declamation, oration, tirade
harangue
adj tearfully or effusively sentimental
Syn:emotional,mawkish,romantic,slushy,weepy
Ant:composed, phlegmatic, stoical,unemotional
maudlin
adj composed of various colors or elements
Syn:checkered,dappled,parti-colored,variegated;disparate,diverse,heterogeneous
Ant:colorless,monotone,u variegated;alike,homogeneous,uniform
motley
n one who makes an ostentatious display of knowledge;one who gives undue attention trivial details of learning but has little interest in practical affairs
Syn:know-it-all;hairsplitter,pedagogue,pettifogger,quibbler
pedant
n a long-lasting feud or conflict
Syn:argument,conflict, fight, grudge, hostility, revenge,rivalry,strife
Ant:agreement,forgiveness,harmony,peace
vendetta
adj. not revealed publically; understood by only a particular group
syn: abstruse, cryptic, impenetravke, inscrutable, obscure, private, profound, secret
ant: clear, common, evident, familiar, known, manifest, obvious, public
esoteric
adj. wild or untamed, especially an animal
syn: brutal,ferocious, savage, uncontrollable, undomesticated
ant: domesticated, tamed
feral
adj pertaining to law courts or formal argumentation
adj applying the techniques of science to the solving of a crime or litigation
syn: argumentative, debatable, litigious, rhetorical
forensic
adj pertaining to the real nature of a thing; inherent
syn: congenital, constitutional, inborn, ingrained, innate
ant: alien, extraneous, extrinsic, foreign, uninherent
intrinsic
adj producing gain or wealth; profitable
syn: gainful, moneymaking, profit-making, remunerative, well-paying
ant: gainless, unprofitable, worthless
lucrative
adj driven by want for money or material gain
syn: avaricious, greedy, venal
n a soldier paid to fight in another country’s military
syn: guerilla, legionnaire, soldier of fortune
mercenary
adj pertaining to the world; worldly as opposed to the spiritual and eternal
syn: earthly, material, temporal, terrestrial, worldly
ant: celestial, heavenly, eternal, infinite
mundane
