VSAs

Question 1

Common cause of sepsis in neonates

Answer 1

Group B Streptococcus

Question 2

Common cause of meningitis in children over 3 months

Answer 2

1) Neisseria Meningitis
2) Streptococcus Pneumoniae
3) Haemophilus Influenzae b

Question 3

What does Denosumab target?

Answer 3

Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-b Ligand (RANK-L) on osteoclasts

Question 4

Turkish man with a fever and a history of recurrent chest infections. Mutation in the MEFV gene

Answer 4

Familial Mediterranean Fever

ME-FV = MEditerranean FeVer

Question 5

Person with previous DVT presents with recurrent bruising over the last 5 years and now has pain in their leg

Answer 5

Post-thrombotic syndrome

Question 6

Which mixed pattern auto-inflammatory condition has over 90% heritability and effects the sacroiliac joint?

Answer 6

Ankylosing spondylitis (HLA-DR27)

Question 7

Which enzyme would be raised in obstructive or biliary obstruction

Answer 7

Alkaline Phosphatase and Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase

Question 8

Hyperthyroidism with low TSH and high thyroxine. Poor uptake on technetium scan

Answer 8

Viral De Quervain’s thyroiditis

Question 9

Can be used to measure bone turnover and is raised in Paget’s, osteomalacia and rickets

Answer 9

Alkaline Phosphatase

Question 10

Elderly man has fall and doesn’t lose consciousness but presents 2 days later with confusion

Answer 10

Subdural haemorrhage

Question 11

Someone hits their head and immediately loses consciousness, then has a lucid interval and presents later with a further loss of consciousness

Answer 11

Extradural haemorrhage

Question 12

Which clotting factor falls most rapidly after administering warfarin?

Answer 12

Factor VII

Question 13

Biomarker for medullary thyroid cancer in MEN2

Answer 13

calcitonin

Question 14

Drug used to treat severe falciparum malaria

Answer 14

Artesunate

quinine second line

Question 15

Splenomegaly, JAK2 mutation and tear-drop poikilocytes

Answer 15

myelofibrosis

JAK2 mutation = polycythaemia vera or primary myelofibrosis

poikilofcytes = beta-thalassaemia major or myelofibrosis

Question 16

An African man, with Burkitt’s lymphoma is given Rasburicase. He develops haematuria with irregularly contracted cells. What is the cause?

Answer 16

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency

Question 17

Patient got an aortic valve replacement 3 months ago. Now have jaundice, haemoglobinuria and reticuloctyes.

Answer 17

Mechanical Haemolytic Anaemia

Question 18

Cancer with the presence of keratin and intercellular bridges

Answer 18

Squamous cell carcinoma

Question 19

High Na
Low K
Low renin

Answer 19

Conn’s syndrome (primary hyperaldosteronism)

High aldosterone produced by adrenals causes negative feedback on renin production in kidneys –> low renin

Question 20

Common condition which can be treated with drugs targeting TNF, IL-17 and IL-12/23

Answer 20

Psoriasis

Question 21

vasculitis involving the external carotid

Answer 21

Giant Cell Arteritis / temporal arteritis

Question 22

Type of amyloidosis associated with multiple myeloma

Answer 22

Amyloid-light chain amyloidosis

Question 23

Most common class of drug used to treat HIV

Answer 23

Nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors

Question 24

Ixodes Tick is the vector for which disease

Answer 24

Lyme disease

Question 25

Most common lung cancer in non-smokers

Answer 25

Adenocarcinoma