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Phys Diag- Block I > VS > Flashcards

VS Flashcards

1
Q

if pulse is irregular, how long should you palpate it for an accurate reading?

A

1 minute

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1
Q

define peripheral pain

A

Damaged peripheral nerves fire repeatedly. Examples: Amputation, postherpetic neuralgia, diabetic peripheral neuropathy, trigeminal neuralgia, and radiculopathy

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2
Q

what does regularly irregular mean?

A

PVC - premature ventricular contraction - heart skips a beat most common type of arrhythmia

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2
Q

what is the formula for cardiac output?

A

stroke volume x heart rate

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3
Q

low pitched sounds, created by turbulent blow flow are called what?

A

korotkoff sounds

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4
Q

term for maximal ventricular contraction

A

systole

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5
Q

define apnea

A

withouth breathing

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7
Q

what is normal amplitude?

A

2

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7
Q

what is the term for the difference between systolic and diastolic?

A

pulse pressure

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8
Q

term for maximal ventricular relaxtion

A

dystole

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8
Q

define nociceptive pain

A

damage to body tissue - sensory damage

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8
Q

what is the formula to calculate BMI

A

Wt/ht

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9
Q

what is the fifth vital sign?

A

not measured objectively, like other VS, but critical for full assessment of the patient

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10
Q

define peripheral vascular resistance

A

resistance to expansion of vessel walls by circulating blood

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11
Q

average respiration rage for adults

A

12-20 resp/min

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11
Q

what are the 3 factors that influence arterial blod pressure

A

stroke volume, heart rate, peripheral vascular resistance

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12
Q

term for slow breathing

A

bradypena

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13
Q

F - > C

A

(F-32) X .5

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14
Q

term for rapid breathing

A

tachypena

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15
Q

why should you never compare contralateral sides of the carotids at the same time?

A

patient will pass out

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15
Q

what is the range for prehypertension ?

A

120-139 / 80-89

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17
Q

average pulse range for adults

A

60-100 bmp

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19
Q

what is the term for end of life breathing?

A

cheyne-stokes

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19
Q

when do you start measuring Korotkoff sounds for systolic?

A

first 2 consecutive beats heard

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20
Q

If the peripheral pulse is absent, where else can you try?

A

carotid

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20
Q

average blood pressure range for adults

A

<90

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22
Q

what are 4 things that can change a BP reading?

A

anxiety, hyper/hypotension, alcohol, drugs (vascular resistance, pain, fever, weight, lifestyle)

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23
Q

what is the normal range for pulse pressure?

A

30-50 mm Hg

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23
Q

what is the term used for the silence in between phase 1 and phase 2 of blood pressure

A

auscultory gap

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23
Q

define acute pain

A

short duration, sudden onset

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24
Q

what temperature is hyperthermic?

A

oral > 37.8 C (100 F), rectal > 38.3 C (101 F)

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25
Q

” scale of 1 to 10, with 1 feeling __________, and 10 being that it ______ ……..

A

no hurt, hurst the worst

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26
Q

what are 6 physiological signs of possible pain?

A

dilated pupils, dry mouth, diaphoresis, elevated BP, pulse and resp.

27
Q

what is the wong-baker scale

A

uses “faces” to indicate pain level

28
Q

The pulse paradoxus is

A

An exaggerated decrease (<10mmHg) in the amplitude of pulsation during inspiration and increased in amplitude during expiration

28
Q

what is the FLACC test?

A

face, legs, activity, cry, consolability - pain scale for children 2mo-7yrs

29
Q

what is the average resting pulse?

A

70 bpm

30
Q

what does the acronym CRIES stand for when assesing pain?

A

neonatal pain scale - Crying, Requires oxygen, Increased vitals, Expression, Sleeplessness

32
Q

what does blood pressure measure?

A

cardiovascular function - force of blood against arterial wall

33
Q

what are 3 signs of respiratory distress?

A

nasal flare, cyanosis, labored breath (also tense muscles, wheezing, tachypnea, bradypnea)

35
Q

diaphoresis is

A

profuse sweating

36
Q

name 4 ways that the body can lose heat (self regulate)

A

radiation, conduction, vaporization, respiration

36
Q

define somatic pain

A

pain with joint, bone, muscles, and other soft tissues

36
Q

when documenting pain, you want to record

A

value of pain (1-10), location, character, frequency, duration,

37
Q

what is the cause of hyperventilation?

A

tachypena and hyperpnea - or combo of

39
Q

what is pulse deficiency?

A

difference between the heart rate and the palpable pulse - afib

39
Q

which side of the stethoscope do you use for Korotkoffs sounds?

A

bell

39
Q

how is diastolic sound determined?

A

when korotkoff sound disappears

40
Q

define central pain

A

primary lesion central nervous system

42
Q

during inspiration, when the chest sinks down, this is called _______________ breathing

A

paradoxic

43
Q

clinical definition of orthostatic hypotension?

A

drop in systolic BP of ?20mmHg, or in diastolic bp of ? 10 mmHg

43
Q

define chronic pain

A

lasts several months or more, associated with disease (ex chronic inflammation(

45
Q

when the sympathetic nervous system is activated what happens to the pulse rate?

A

increases

46
Q

more than 20 breaths per minute is called

A

hyperpnea

47
Q

what are 6 physical or non verbal displays of possible pain?

A

change in gait, guarding, distorted posture,

49
Q

when only the chest wall and muscles are used for breathing, what type of respiration is this?

A

thoracic respiration

50
Q

define neuropathic pain

A

initiated or caused by a primary lesion or dysfunction in the nervous system

51
Q

what is the term to describe the change in BP between laying down and standing up?

A

orthostatic BP

53
Q

what temperature is hypothermic?

A

core temperature < 35 C (95 F)

54
Q

document bounding pulse

A

3+ or 4+

55
Q

what are the 4 steps for measuring orthostatic BP?

A

1) pt lay down, supine 5 min 2) take BP and pulse 3) have pt stand up 1-3 min 4) retake BP and pulse

57
Q

term for < 60 bpm

A

bradycardia

58
Q

what are the 4 parameters assessed with respiratory rate?

A

(1) respiratory rate (2) respiratory pattern (3) respiratory depth (4) signs of distress

59
Q

define visceral pain

A

pain with internal organs

61
Q

what artery do you place a stethoscope on when taking BP?

A

brachial

63
Q

Temperature can measure the severity of

A

illness

64
Q

What happens to blood volume, when oxygen or metabolic demand increases?

A

blood volume decreases

66
Q

what is pulse paradoxus indicative of ?

A

COPD

68
Q

what does irregularly irregular mean?

A

artrial fibrillation

69
Q

what is height normally used for?

A

assess development in children

71
Q

what part of the nervous system is stimulated when heart rate falls below normal?

A

parasympathetic

72
Q

what is stroke volume?

A

blood pumped by left ventricle in 1 contraction

73
Q

Name 4 ways that pulse rate can be helpful when it is out of normal range?

A

cardiovascular and neurologic status, psychogenic factors, possible drug use

74
Q

what is amplitude measuring?

A

the force of blood movement through an artery

75
Q

what is the term for the central pulse located next to the heart?

A

apical

76
Q

term for “abdominal respirations”, “belly breathing”?

A

diaphragmatic

77
Q

which pulse is most often palpated?

A

radial

78
Q

term for > 100 bpm

A

tachycardia

79
Q

what is the term used when someone is breathing a specific way due to metabolic acidosis?

A

kussmaul

80
Q

what does the production and release of prostagladins do to body temperature?

A

increase - cause of fever

81
Q

does the ausculatory gap narrow or widen with age?

A

widen

82
Q

C - > F

A

C x 1.8 + 32

Phys Diag- Block I (7 decks)

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