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Phys Diag- Block I > HENT > Flashcards

HENT Flashcards

1
Q

what would the result be from a sensorineural hearing loss?

A

AC >BC, less than 2:1 ratio

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1
Q

nasolabial fold

A

laugh lines, skin folds run from nose down to mouth

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1
Q

what are stensen ducts?

A

parotid glands

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2
Q

what does Webers’ test for?

A

unilateral hearing loss

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2
Q

pharyngitis/tonsillitis

A

inflammation of pharynx or tonsils, “sore throat,”

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3
Q

what bones form the nasal bridge?

A

frontal and maxillary

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3
Q

retraction of tympanic membrane

A

concave, accentuated bony landmarks, distorted light reflex

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4
Q

what separates nasal vestibules?

A

nasal septum

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6
Q

function of ear

A

identifies, localizes, and interprets sound and maintains balance

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6
Q

what is an audiogram used for?

A

the amount of hearing loss that the ear has

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6
Q

bulging of tympanic membrane

A

very conical, exaggerated loss of bony landmarks and distorted light reflex

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8
Q

nares

A

opening of nose

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9
Q

function external ear

A

secrete cerumen, protects canal, provides directionality of sound

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10
Q

inner&outer canthus

A

corner of eye where upper and lower lid meet

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10
Q

philtrum

A

space between nose and mouth (with indentation)

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11
Q

palpebra

A

eyelid

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12
Q

Presbycusis

A

– progressive hearing loss with aging, sensorineural hearing loss, Rinne Test (air conduction is better than bone, less than 2:1)

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12
Q

myxedema

A

skin and tissue disorder, hypothyroidism

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14
Q

tympanic membrane

A

converts sound waves into mechanical movements

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15
Q

hairy tongue

A

overgrowth of papillae on tongue, caused by bacteria or yeast,

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16
Q

For Weber test, should the ringing sound better in occluded ear or non occluded ear?

A

best in occluded ear

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16
Q

what should you do if thyroid is enlarged?

A

auscultate for vascular sounds with bell

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17
Q

Darwin’s tubercle

A

tickening along upper ridge of helix, an expected variation

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18
Q

structure of throat

A

pharynx, larynx, epiglottis, esophagus, tonsils

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18
Q

what landmarks should be visible during internal ear exam?

A

umbo, handle of malleus, light reflex,

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18
Q

frontal bossing

A

prominent, protruding forehead or eyebrow ridge, common sign of acromegaly

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18
Q

atrophic tongue

A

papillae shrink and disappear leaving tongue red, thin, and shiny, patches of redness and inflammation, painful, sensitivity to spicy foods, bad breath

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19
Q

what glands should be visble during mouth inspection?

A

parotid, submandibular

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20
Q

what lymph nodes should be examined?

A

pre and post auricular, submandibular, submental, occipital, tonsilar, anterior cervical, posterior cervical, supraclavicular

22
Q

auricle

A

pinna - visible portion of the external ear

23
Q

umbo

A

most depressed part of the tympanic membrane

24
Q

Pyramidal lobe

A

extending up midline from isthmus of thyroid - common

25
Q

gingivitis/gingival hyperplasia

A

inflammation of the gums, redness, swelling, bleeding, overgrowth of gums

26
Q

effusion

A

middle ear full of fluid

26
Q

goiter

A

enlargement of thyroid gland, palpate gland

27
Q

strawberry tongue

A

characteristic of scarlet fever

29
Q

what test would determine whether a patient has a deficit in hearing via bony or air conduction?

A

Rinne

31
Q

sensorineural hearing loss is

A

damage to the cochlear hair cells or beyond - into cranial nerves - permanent

31
Q

internal structure of nose

A

vestibule, choanae, nasal septum, olfactory recpetors

33
Q

external structure of nose

A

nares

34
Q

tragus

A

eminence of external ear

35
Q

glossitis

A

inflammation of tongue, tongue is painful, red, swollen

36
Q

otosclerosis

A

chronic progressive deafness, caused by formation of spongy bone and ankylosis of stapes, diminished sound transmission through bone, Rinne Test

37
Q

otorrhea

A

discharge, often purulent from the ear

39
Q

bulbar conjunctiva

A

part of the conjunctiva

41
Q

what is the expected result from Rinne?

A

AC > BC 2:1

42
Q

function of mouth

A

vocalization, breathing, passage way (food liquid etc), initiate digestion, mastication, taste, collect cell debris and food particles

43
Q

function of nose

A

smell, passage of air, resonance of laryngeal sounds

44
Q

which thyroid lobe is larger?

A

right

45
Q

conductive hearing loss is

A

defect in how sound is transformed and conducted to cochlea - usually not permanent

46
Q

torticollis

A

stiff neck associated with muscle spasm

48
Q

structure of neck

A

cervical vertebrae, ligaments, sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscle & lymph nodes

49
Q

function of neck

A

contain trachea, esophagus, internal and external jugular veins, carotid arteries and thyroid

51
Q

rhinitis/rhinorrhea

A

inflammation or irritation of nasal passages, “runny nose”

52
Q

dental caries

A

tooth decay caused by bacteria

53
Q

torus palatinus

A

benign exotosis (bony growth) on midline of hard palate

54
Q

Cauliflower ear

A

result of blunt trauma and necrosis of underlying cartilage, deformity of auricle

56
Q

what are wharton ducts?

A

submandibular glands

58
Q

function middle ear

A

conduct vibrations,

59
Q

septum deviation

A

septum displaced to one side

60
Q

palpebral fissures

A

elliptic space between the medial and lateral canthi of the two open lids

61
Q

dentition pattern for adult

A

8 incisors, 4 canine, 8 premolar, 12 molar

62
Q

graves disease

A

hyperthyroidism - bulging eyes

63
Q

nasal polyp

A

block nassage passageway

64
Q

what test is conducted to determine gross hearing loss?

A

whisper test

66
Q

function of inner ear

A

cochlea provides a sense of hearing, semicircular ducts play a role in rotational movements, utricle and saccule provide equilibrium info

67
Q

function of throat

A

swallowing, protect airway

68
Q

geographic tongue

A

areas of tongue lack papillae, appear as smooth red islands with raised borders, motile, harmless

69
Q

structure of mouth

A

lips, frenulum, tongue, palatine tonsil, uvula, hard palate, soft palate, gingiva, salivary glands, dentition, buccal mucosa, maxilla and mandible

70
Q

what should be inspected on skull and scalp?

A

size, shape, symmetry, lesions, trauma

71
Q

where are the incus, malleus and stapes located

A

middle ear

72
Q

what would be the result from a conductive hearing loss?

A

BC > AC on affected side

Phys Diag- Block I (7 decks)

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