VP and Speech Production

Question 1

What is the VP port connection for?

Answer 1

Swallowing and speaking

Question 2

When is VP closed?

Answer 2

Swallowing and speaking

Question 3

Which sounds is VP open?

Answer 3

Nasals /m/ /n/ /ng/

Question 4

Velar elevator?

Answer 4

levator veli palatini

Question 5

Velar tensor?

Answer 5

tensor veli palatini

Question 6

Velar buncher?

Answer 6

uvula

Question 7

Velar depressors?

Answer 7

palatoglossus, palatopharyngeus

Question 8

The 4 VP Closure Mechanisms?

Answer 8

1. Only velum elevates
   (contacts PPW)
2. Lateral pharyngeal walls constrict
   Come close to midline
3. Velum elevates + lateral pharyngeal walls constrict
4. Velum elevates + lateral pharyngeal walls constrict + post pharyngeal wall comes forward

Question 9

Active forces of VP?

Answer 9

muscle movement/contraction

Question 10

Passive forces of VP?

Answer 10

Gravity + recoils back into position.

Question 11

Passive forces are more helpful for
________ the velar port

Answer 11

Opening

Question 12

Active forces require more effort for
_____ the velar port

Answer 12

closing

Question 13

If oral pressure is high, what is needed?

Answer 13

High Muscular Compression

Question 14

What is VP Acoustic Impedance?

Answer 14

opposition to airflow that propagates (or doesn’t) sound waves

-Increased pressure from different structures

Question 15

What happens to sound when VP port is closed?

Answer 15

All sound energy is diverted orally,
Almost no sound energy in nose

Question 16

What happens to sound when V port is open?

Answer 16

-Sound energy can be transmitted between oral and nasal
(Depending on size of V-P port)