VOTING Flashcards
a method for a group, such as a meeting or an electorate, to make a collective decision or express an opinion usually following discussions, debates or election campaigns
VOTING
A sacred right and power that citizens in a democraticcountry exercise to select their leaders.
VOTING
- is a ballot which the voter ranks the choices in order
of preference.
Preference ballot
a table that provides information the number and how voter would rank the alternatives if their first choice
was unsuccessful
PREFRENCE SCHEDULE
The Plurality Method of Voting:
The candidate with the most _____wins
The winning candidate does not have to have the
________vote (More than 50% of the total vote)
1.) VOTES
2.) MAJORITY
Plurality with Elimination w/o Rank LIMITATION
EXPENSIVE AND TIME CONSUMING
Each candidate is compared one-on-one with each
other (Head-to-Head method)
Pairwise Comparison Voting Method
If there is a candidate that has majority of first-place
votes, then that candidate is the winner of the election
Majority criterion
If candidate A is a winner of an election and, in a
re-election, all changes in the ballots are changes
favorable only to A, then candidate A is the winner of
the election
Monotonicity criterion
If there is a candidate that is preferred by the voters
over each of the other candidates (all possible head-tohead matchups), then that candidate is the winner of
the election (or Condorcet candidate).
Condorcet Criterion
If candidate A is a winner of an election, and (or more)
of the other choices is disqualified/withdraw and the
ballots recounted, then candidate A is still the winner
Independence of irrelevant alternatives criterion
There is no voting method involving three or more
choices that satisfies all four fairness criteria.
- It was proposed by Kenneth Arrow in his 1951 book
Social Choice and Individual Values
Arrow’s Impossibility Theorem
