Voluntary Motion: Basal Ganglia

Question 1

How does a system presents without the basal ganglia?

Answer 1

A) being unable to initiate the motion that will grasp that piece of candy for you
B) getting s”stuck” at the start of the motion, only able to repeat the starting action

Question 2

What are the basal ganglia involved in?

Answer 2

Set of neurons

Involved in the planning and programming of movement

Their input is particularly important in the initiation of the movement

Question 3

What 5 nucleus are involved in the motor control of the basal ganglia?

Answer 3

Subthalamic nucleus
Substantial Nigra (pars compacta, pars reticulate)
Putamen and Caudate Nucleus (together form the striatum; recieve the input to the basal ganglia
Globes pallidus: internal and external segment

Question 4

Describe the Nigrostratal dopaminergic system?

Answer 4

From: SNPC
To: nuclei of striatum
Effects: D1 receptors (+); D2 receptors (-)

Question 5

Describe the INtrastriatal Cholinergic System?

Answer 5

Between the the nuclei of the striatum (putamen and caudate nucleus)

Effects: excitatory (Via Acelycholine)

Question 6

Describe the striatonigral GABA-ergic Pathway

Answer 6

From the striatum to the SNPR and Globus Pallidus (internal)
NT: GABA
Function: leads to initiation of movement
The direct pathway

The axons are terminating the in output for the basal ganglia

Question 7

Where do the SNPR and GPi project?

Answer 7

To the thalamus, releaseing GABA within the thalamus

From the thalamus travel to the cortex or to brainstem and spinal cord