Volume 5: Elapid Key ID Flashcards
Genera Key
Row of scales between eye and upper labials?
A: Yes.
Acanthophis
Genera Key
Row of scales between eye and upper labials?
A: No.
Anal scale Single or Divided?
Genera Key
Anal scale Single or Anal scale Divided?
A: Single.
Subcaudal scales Divided or Single?
Genera Key
Anal scale Single or Divided?
A: Divided.
All subcaudals Single, or some subcaudals Divided?
Genera Key
Subcaudal scales Divided or Single?
A: Divided.
Oxyuranus.
Genera Key
Subcaudal scales Divided or Single?
A: Single.
Dorsal scales Smooth or Keeled?
Genera Key
Dorsal scales Smooth or Keeled?
A: Smooth.
Lips Barred or Unbarred?
Genera Key
Dorsal scales Smooth or Keeled?
A: Keeled.
Tropidechis.
Genera Key
Lips Barred or Unbarred?
A: Barred.
Midbody scales 19-21 or 17?
Genera Key
Lips Barred or Unbarred?
A: Unbarred.
Lower secondary temporal scale much Longer Than High
OR
Lower secondary temporal scale As High As Long
Genera Key
Midbody scales 19-21 or 17?
A: 19-21.
Hoplocephalus.
Genera Key
Midbody scales 19-21 or 17?
A: 17
Denisonia.
Genera Key
Lower secondary temporal scale much Longer Than High
OR
Lower secondary temporal scale As High As Long
A: Lower secondary temporal scale much Longer Than High.
Notechis
Genera Key
Lower secondary temporal scale much Longer Than High
OR
Lower secondary temporal scale As High As Long
A: Lower secondary temporal scale As High As Long
Midbody scales 19 or more, or if 15, then Head Prominently Marked with Dark Spots.
OR
Midbody scales 15, Head Unspotted.
Genera Key
Midbody scales 19 or more, or if 15, then Head Prominently Marked with Dark Spots.
OR
Midbody scales 15, Head Unspotted.
A: Midbody scales 19 or more, or if 15, then Head Prominently Marked with Dark Spots.
Suta.
Genera Key
Midbody scales 19 or more, or if 15, then Head Prominently Marked with Dark Spots.
OR
Midbody scales 15, Head Unspotted.
A: Midbody scales 15, Head Unspotted.
Black Hood on Head, much darker than back, with Pale Notch in front of each eye.
OR
No Black Hood on Head, or if present, then Continuous with a Prominent Dark Vertebral Stripe; rarely a pale notch in front of each eye.
Genera Key
Black Hood on Head, much darker than back, with Pale Notch in front of each eye.
OR
No Black Hood on Head, or if present, then Continuous with a Prominent Dark Vertebral Stripe; rarely a pale notch in front of each eye.
A: Black Hood on Head, much darker than back, with Pale Notch in front of each eye.
Parasuta.
Genera Key
Black Hood on Head, much darker than back, with Pale Notch in front of each eye.
OR
No Black Hood on Head, or if present, then Continuous with a Prominent Dark Vertebral Stripe; rarely a pale notch in front of each eye.
A: No Black Hood on Head, or if present, then Continuous with a Prominent Dark Vertebral Stripe; rarely a pale notch in front of each eye.
Cryptophis.
Genera Key
All subcaudals Single, or some subcaudals Divided?
A: All Single.
Hemiapsis.
*Occasional individuals of Pseudechis with all single subcaudals would erroneously key out to Hemiapsis.
Genera Key
All subcaudals Single, or some subcaudals Divided?
A: Some subcaudals Divided.
All subcaudal scales Divided (at most a few Single anteriors)
OR
At least 20% of subcaudals Single.
Genera Key
All subcaudal scales Divided (at most a few Single anteriors)
OR
At least 20% of subcaudals Single.
A: All subcaudal scales Divided (at most a few Single anteriors)
Subcaudal scales Fewer than 35 Pairs?
OR
Subcaudal scales More than 35 Pairs?
Genera Key
All subcaudal scales Divided (at most a few Single anteriors)
OR
At least 20% of subcaudals Single.
A: At least 20% of subcaudals Single.
Pseudechis.
*Occasional individuals of Pseudechis with all single subcaudals would erroneously key out to Hemiapsis.
Genera Key
Subcaudal scales Fewer than 35 Pairs?
OR
Subcaudal scales More than 35 Pairs?
A: Subcaudal scales Fewer than 35 Pairs?
Black and White Rings around body?
OR
Bands present or absent but no rings encircling body?
Genera Key
Subcaudal scales Fewer than 35 Pairs?
OR
Subcaudal scales More than 35 Pairs?
A: Subcaudal scales More than 35 Pairs?
Nasal and preocular scales in Contact?
OR
Nasal and preocular scales Separated by contact between prefrontal and upper labial scales?
Genera Key
Black and White Rings around body?
OR
Bands present or absent but no rings encircling body?
A: Black and White Rings around body?
Vermicella.
Genera Key
Black and White Rings around body?
OR
Bands present or absent but no rings encircling body?
A: Bands present or absent but no rings encircling body?
Ventral surfaces Pale and Patternless?
OR
Ventral surfaces Dark, or Marked with Narrow dark bands or longitudal rows of dark blotches.
Genera Key
Ventral surfaces Pale and Patternless?
OR
Ventral surfaces Dark, or Marked with Narrow dark bands or longitudal rows of dark blotches.
A: Ventral surfaces Pale and Patternless?
Rostral scale upturned with an acute cutting edge, or if only weakly protrusive, then body marked with numerous narrow dark bands?
OR
Rostral scale weakly protrusive and not upturned; body marked with a netted pattern?
Genera Key
Ventral surfaces Pale and Patternless?
OR
Ventral surfaces Dark, or Marked with Narrow dark bands or longitudal rows of dark blotches.
A: Ventral surfaces Dark, or Marked with Narrow dark bands or longitudal rows of dark blotches.
Cacophis (part)
Genera Key
Rostral scale upturned with an acute cutting edge, or if only weakly protrusive, then body marked with numerous narrow dark bands?
OR
Rostral scale weakly protrusive and not upturned; body marked with a netted pattern?
A: Rostral scale upturned with an acute cutting edge, or if only weakly protrusive, then body marked with numerous narrow dark bands?
Brachyurophis.
Genera Key
Rostral scale upturned with an acute cutting edge, or if only weakly protrusive, then body marked with numerous narrow dark bands?
OR
Rostral scale weakly protrusive and not upturned; body marked with a netted pattern?
A: Rostral scale weakly protrusive and not upturned; body marked with a netted pattern?
Antaioserpens.
Genera Key
Nasal and preocular scales in Contact?
OR
Nasal and preocular scales Separated by contact between prefrontal and upper labial scales?
A: Nasal and preocular scales in Contact?
Midbody scales in 15 rows?
OR
Midbody scales in 17 or more rows?
Genera Key
Nasal and preocular scales in Contact?
OR
Nasal and preocular scales Separated by contact between prefrontal and upper labial scales?
A: Nasal and preocular scales Separated by contact between prefrontal and upper labial scales?
Furina.
Genera Key
Midbody scales in 15 rows?
OR
Midbody scales in 17 or more rows?
A: Midbody scales in 15 rows?
Eye small; pale band or streak on neck; no narrow line across front of snout?
OR
Eye very large; neck markings present or absent, but if present, then a narrow line runs across front of snout between nostrils.
Genera Key
Midbody scales in 15 rows?
OR
Midbody scales in 17 or more rows?
A: Midbody scales in 17 or more rows?
Pseudonaja.
Genera Key
Eye small; pale band or streak on neck; no narrow line across front of snout?
OR
Eye very large; neck markings present or absent, but if present, then a narrow line runs across front of snout between nostrils.
A: Eye small; pale band or streak on neck; no narrow line across front of snout?
Cacophis (part)
Genera Key
Eye small; pale band or streak on neck; no narrow line across front of snout?
OR
Eye very large; neck markings present or absent, but if present, then a narrow line runs across front of snout between nostrils.
A: Eye very large; neck markings present or absent, but if present, then a narrow line runs across front of snout between nostrils.
Demansia.
Elapid Key
Acanthophis Key
Very strongly rugose head shields and strongly keeled body scales?
OR
Smooth to moderately rugose head shields and smooth to very weakly keeled body scales?
Elapid Key
Very strongly rugose head shields and strongly keeled body scales?
OR
Smooth to moderately rugose head shields and smooth to very weakly keeled body scales?
A: Very strongly rugose head shields and strongly keeled body scales?
Acanthophis Pyrrhus
Elapid Key
Very strongly rugose head shields and strongly keeled body scales?
OR
Smooth to moderately rugose head shields and smooth to very weakly keeled body scales?
A: Smooth to moderately rugose head shields and smooth to very weakly keeled body scales?
Acanthophis Antarcticus / Praelongus
Elapid Key
Brachyurophis Key
Snout upturned, with acute tranverse cutting edge; nasal scale contacts preocular scale, separating prefrontal from upper labials?
OR
Snout not upturned, with very weak transverse cutting edge; nasal separated from preocular by contact of prefrontal with upper labials?
Elapid Key
Snout upturned, with acute tranverse cutting edge; nasal scale contacts preocular scale, separating prefrontal from upper labials?
OR
Snout not upturned, with very weak transverse cutting edge; nasal separated from preocular by contact of prefrontal with upper labials?
A: Snout upturned, with acute tranverse cutting edge; nasal scale contacts preocular scale, separating prefrontal from upper labials?
Bands absent on body?
OR
Bands present on body?
Elapid Key
Snout upturned, with acute tranverse cutting edge; nasal scale contacts preocular scale, separating prefrontal from upper labials?
OR
Snout not upturned, with very weak transverse cutting edge; nasal separated from preocular by contact of prefrontal with upper labials?
A: Snout not upturned, with very weak transverse cutting edge; nasal separated from preocular by contact of prefrontal with upper labials?
Brachyurophis Fasciolatus
Elapid Key
Bands absent on body?
OR
Bands present on body?
A: Bands absent on body?
Brachyurophis Incinctus