Volcanoes/rocks/ Flashcards
How are earthquakes,mountains and volcanoes formed?
They are formed when tectonic plates meet up, collide, slide, against each other ( pressure is built up and the heavier plate is pushed under the lighter plate. This is called substitution. The heavier plate melts back into the mantle the lighter plate is lifted up to form fold mountains,volcanoes and earthquakes
What is an vent and where does magma come out of?
Magma can rise from a magma chamber in the earths crust through a vent, a vent is a narrow tube in the crust. When the magma reaches the surface we call it lava.
Who are the people who study earthquakes called
People who study earthquakes are called seismologists
What is used to show the strength of an earthquake?
A Richter scale is what’s used to scale the strength of an earthquake
What do earthquakes make?
Earthquakes make tsunami’s
What are seismographs?
They are tools that measure termons in the earths crust
How are igneous rocks formed?
Igneous rocks are formed from the result of volcanic activity. When hot molten magma escapes from the mantle it cools and hardens/solidifies
How are sedimentary rocks formed?
It’s formed from particles of dead plants and animals over time layers of these sediments are. built up and compressed and cemented to form rocks. ( or sea shells cemented)
How are metamorphic rocks formed?
Metamorphic rocks are formed when igneous or sedimentary rocks are changed into new rocks by great heat and pressure
What is the crust?
Like the outer skin of the earth
What is inside the earth?
The core in the middle is in the middle of the earth and the mantle is surrounding it covering everywhere aka magma
Describe/ explain what an basalt rock is
An basalt rock is an extrusive igneous rock (type of igneous rock) it is formed when lava spreads out over the surface. It cools and hardens into a rock, it has tiny crystals witch can not be seen as it is cooled very quickly in the open air. (Colours, black/gray
Describe/ explain what are grainite rocks
granite is an intrusive igneous rock, it is formed when magma pushes it way into the crust and cools and hardens there. It has large crystals because it cools slowly. (Colour,black,grey,pink,cream)
What are Intrusive rocks/igneous rocks
Intrusive igneos rocks is when magma is forced into older rocks and then slowly solidifies below the earths surface
What is an extrusive rock?/ igneous rock
Extrusive igneos rocks are rocks produces when magma exists or cools above or very near the earths surface
What is limestone
Limestone is made from shells and the remains of the sea,s sea animals when the particles sink to the seabed they are called sediment pilled up at the bottom of a warm shallow sea and was compressed and cemented into statra solid rock
What does sediment mean?
The meaning of sediment is pieces of dead organisms like dry wood or dry bone / dead animals
Meaning of statra?
The meaning of starters is layers of rock or sometimes oil
Compress meaning?
To squeeze or squash/press
Permeable meaning?
Something such as water or gas pass through it or soak it like wood is permeable to oil
Soluble and insoluble meaning
Soluble Something that can be dissolved in a liquid especially water and insoluble means solids that do not dissolve in water
What is sandstone and how is it formed?
Sandstone is formed from sand that has been worn away at the earths surface. (The sand is carried by the wind and rivers and deposited as sediments in the sea ) it is a sedimentary rock
