Volcanoes Flashcards
What is a volcano?
A volcano is an opening in the Earth’s crust through which molten rock, ash, and gases are expelled.
True or False: All volcanoes are active.
False
Fill in the blank: The molten rock that erupts from a volcano is called _____ when it is above ground.
lava
What is the term for a volcano that has not erupted in a long time but may erupt again?
Dormant volcano
True or False: The Ring of Fire is a region known for its high volcanic activity.
True
Short Answer: What is the term for the opening at the top of a volcano?
Crater
Fill in the blank: The study of volcanoes is known as _____ science.
volcanology
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a volcanic hazard? A) Lava flows B) Tsunamis C) Ash fall
B) Tsunamis
True or False: Volcanic ash can be harmful to aircraft engines.
True
Short Answer: What is the name of the liquid rock beneath the Earth’s surface?
Magma
What is the main cause of volcanic eruptions?
The movement of tectonic plates.
Multiple Choice: Which volcano is known for its eruption in 1980? A) Mount Fuji B) Mount St. Helens C) Mount Vesuvius
B) Mount St. Helens
What’s a pyroclast
A fragment that gets shot out during an explosion
Short Answer: What is the difference between magma and lava?
Magma is underground; lava is above ground.
Whats an example of a volcano
Mount Fuji, Japan
Whats formed when lava cools
Basalt rock
What’s an example of a plateau
The Antrim plateau/ giants causeway
What’s an example of a cone shaped mountain
Mount st Helens
Name three positive effects of volcanic activity
Economic impact: tourism, environmental: creates fertile land, environmental: geothermal heating
Name three negative impacts of volcanic activity
Social: loss of life, economic: disruption in flights, environmental: Lahar
Long answer: describe a volcanic eruption.
Before an eruption, magma and gases build up in the magma chamber. When the pressure gets too great, the volcano erupts through a pipe called a vent, ejecting pyroclasts. The top of the volcano can be blown off, the hole left is the crater. Eg. Mount St Helens 1980 eruption, Washington, USA.
