Volcanoes Flashcards
Parts of a volcano
Ash cloud
Volcanic cone
Layers of lava, ash and rock from previous eruptions
Vent
Crater
Fresh lava flow
Magma chamber
Example of a volcano
Mount St Helens, USA.
Types of volcanoes
Active Active volcanoes erupt regularly,
Dormant Dormant volcanoes have not erupted for a long time, but might erupt again,
Extinct. Extinct volcanoes will not erupt again,
2 Positive effects of volcanoes
Water heated underground by volcanic activity can be used to generate geothermal energy to heat people’s homes.
Tourists visit the sites of some famous volcanoes, such as Mount Etna in Sicily, Italy. Hot springs, called geysers, are also tourist attractions.
Negative effects of volcanoes
A lava flow burns everything in its path. There can be huge loss of human life when a volcano erupts
Gases produced by volcanoes, such as sulfur dioxide, can poison people who live nearby and cause acid rain
Why is there a lot of volcanic activity in Iceland
There is a lot of volcanic activity in Iceland because it is on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge.
When did Mount St Helens erupt
Mount St Helens in the USA erupted in 1980,
Destruction from Mt St Helens ?
causing massive destruction over an area of 600 km. About 7,000 large animals and hundreds of thousands of smaller ones were killed. All surrounding forests were flattened. A river of mud caused by melting snow destroyed about two hundred homes.
The height of the mountain was reduced by 400 metres.
2 short term responses
The volcano was monitored before the eruption. This meant that authorities were able to evacuate the areas surrounding Mount St Helens. The death toll of 61 would have been much higher if the area had not been evacuated.
Electricity was restored
2 long term responses
The government gave money to rebuild damaged buildings and transport routes.
Millions of trees were replanted. These trees will not be fully grown until 2050.
