VOLCANO: Mt Nyiragongo, DRC Flashcards
1
Q
When did Nyiragongo erupt?
A
2002
2
Q
What is the plate boundary?
A
Constructive
3
Q
Landform?
A
Rift Valley
4
Q
Volcano?
A
Stratovolcano
5
Q
Eruption?
A
Effusive
6
Q
Eruption frequency?
A
30 times in the last century
7
Q
Magnitude?
A
VEI 1
8
Q
Primary hazards?
A
- sulphurous lava flows
- poisonous gases
- earthquakes (max. 5 on Richter scale)
9
Q
Secondary hazards?
A
- Lake Kivu contaminated due to lava
– temperature increase released toxic gases
10
Q
Primary impacts?
A
- 1/3 of Goma destroyed
- lava covered a runway at Goma airport
11
Q
Secondary impacts?
A
- dysentery due to contaminated water
- looting resulted in deaths when a petrol store exploded
12
Q
Social impacts?
impacted and dead
A
- 200,000 people impacted
- 147 dead
13
Q
Economic impacts?
A
- $15 million cost of aid
- 80% commercial infrastructure destroyed
14
Q
Environmental impacts?
A
contaminated water
15
Q
Risk?
A
- low viscosity lava is fast flowing (90 km/h)
16
Q
Political impacts?
A
350,000 people fled to Rwanda
17
Q
Vulnerability?
A
- densely populated
- ignored warning signs
- politically unstable (unable to get long-term aid in)
18
Q
Short-term responses?
A
- Red Alert evacuation
- UN peacekeeping force from the south supplied humanitarian aid (camps, rations)
19
Q
Long-term management strategies?
A
- evacuation drills and maps
- official training
