Volcanic landforms introduction Flashcards

1
Q

Define volcanology

A

Volcanology is a term used to describe “all the processes by which solid, liquid or gaseous materials are forced into the earth’s crust or ejected onto the surface.” (An Integrated approach)

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2
Q

Why are there so many different outcomes?

A

There are numerous different variations of the characteristics of these processes which consequently means there are numerous different outcomes in terms of very much contrastingly landscapes produced.

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3
Q

Why is magma semi solid?

A

Material in the mantle has a high temperature, however it is kept in a semi solid state because of the enormous pressure exerted on it.

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4
Q

How does magma reach the surface?

A

If this pressure is released by plate boundary movement, some of the semi­ solid material becomes molten and rises, forcing its way into weakness in the crust, or onto the surface where it cools crystallises and solidifies.

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5
Q

Magma vs lava?

A

Molten rock is called magma below the surface and lava above the surface.

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6
Q

Extrusive

A

­Extrusive­ formed from magma which has solidified on the earth’s surface e.g. the Giant’s Causeway in N. Ireland ­

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7
Q

Intrusive

A

Intrusive­ produced when magma solidifies within the earth’s crust i.e underground, e.g. the Sill at Drumadoon, Arran. (you can seen them on the surface but they were formed underground). ­

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8
Q

Both intrusive and extrusive produces…?

A

Hard, igneous rock.

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