Volcanic Landforms Flashcards
Volcanic eruptions create many landforms as in the following: (3)
- Landforms From Lava and Ash
- Landforms From Magma
- Geothermal Activity
Landforms From Lava and Ash (5)
- Shield volcano
- Cinder cone volcano
- Composite volcano
- Lava plateaus
- Caldera
Shield volcano
Lava flows out gradually building a wide, gently sloping mountain
Cinder cone volcano
When lava has high viscosity it produces ash, cinders, and bombs which all build up around the vent in a steep, cone-shaped hill or small mountain
Composite volcano
Tall, cone-shaped mountains in which layers of lava alternate with layers of ash
Lava plateaus
High, level area that has been built up over time from lava seeping out of several cracks then traveling a distance before cooling and solidifying
Caldera
Huge hole left by the collapse of a volcanic mountain
Landforms From Magma (5)
- Volcanic necks
- Dikes
- Sill
- Batholiths
- Dome mountain
Volcanic necks
Forms when magma hardens in a volcano’s pipe, softer rock around pipe wears away exposing hard rock
Dikes
Formed when magma forces itself across rock layers and hardens
Sill
Formed when magma squeezes between horizontal layers of rock
Batholiths
Mass of rock formed when a large body of magma cools inside the crust
Dome mountain
Forms when an uplift pushes a batholiths or smaller body of hardened magma toward the surface
geothermal activity-
Occurs when magma, a few kilometers, beneath Earth’s surface, heats underground water and forms:
- hot springs
- geyser
Landforms From Geothermal Activity (2)
- Hot springs
2. Geyser
