volcanic hazards

Question 1

which type of lava can flow for the longest distance in lava flows

Answer 1

basaltic

Question 2

what is an example of a lava flow that flowed for a very long distance and what was the distance

Answer 2

Hawaii in august 2018 a lava flow flowed for 12 square miles before it eventually stopped

Question 3

what are pyroclastic flows

Answer 3

a combination of very hot gases (5000+ degrees), ash and rock fragments travelling at a high speed (100km/h). these follow the contours of the land and destroy everything in their path

Question 4

what is tephra

Answer 4

material ejected from a volcanic eruption. this ranges in size to fine ash to large volcanic bombs. this also includes any lighter debris such as pumice.

Question 5

what types of toxic gas can be ejected form a volcano

Answer 5

CO, CO2 and SO2

Question 6

what can happen when SO2 (sulphur dioxide) combines with water

Answer 6

acid rain can occur,, this enhances weathering and can damage crops and pollute soil.

Question 7

what is a lahar

Answer 7

a type of mudflow with the consistency of wet cement, snow and ice on a volcanoes summit melt and flow rapidly down the cone. rock fragments large and small and ash are mixed together

Question 8

how can floods be a volcanic hazard

Answer 8

when volcanic eruptions below an ice field or glacier cause rapid melting

Question 9

what is an example of flooding from volcanic eruptions

Answer 9

Vatnajokull ice field in iceland, where vast quantities of water are accumulated the released, this is known as a jokulhlaup.

Question 10

how can volcanic eruptions cause tsunamis

Answer 10

island volcanoes can cause massive displacements of water

Question 11

what is an example of a volcano tsunami

Answer 11

Tonga eruption, 14th january 2022