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TOXICOLOGY LAB > Volatile Poisons > Flashcards

Volatile Poisons Flashcards

1
Q

Color/Form of Ethyl Alcohol

A
  • clear
  • colorless
  • very mobile liquid
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2
Q

Taste of Ethyl Alcohol

A

Burning

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3
Q

ODOR of Ethyl Alcohol

A

Mild, rather pleasant, like wine or whiskey & ethereal

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4
Q

CHEMICAL FORMULA of Ethyl Alcohol

A

CH3CH2OH

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5
Q

Test for Ethanol

A
  1. Chromic Acid Test
  2. Ethyl acetate test
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6
Q

Ethyl acetate is the acetate ester formed between __________ and _________.

A

Acetic acid and ethanol

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7
Q

Positive result of Chromic Acid Test. What color?

A

Red to green

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8
Q

Positive result of Ethyl Acetate Test.

A

Plastic balloon-like odor

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9
Q

Methanol metabolized by________.

A

Liver

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10
Q

Majority of poisoning in Methanol occurred in ___________.

A

Adulterated beverages

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11
Q

Colorless liquid, alcoholic pungent odor

A

METHYL ALCOHOL

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12
Q

Methanol metabolized thru oxidative stage:

A

FORMALDEHYDE
FORMIC ACID
CARBON DIOXIDE

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13
Q

Serious toxicity in Methanol

A

0.25ml/kg of 100%

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14
Q

Fatalities of Methanol

A

0.5ml/kg of 100%

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15
Q

Specific alcohol dehydrogenase antagonist

A

FOMEPIZOLE

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16
Q

Loading dose of FOMEPIZOLE

A

5mg/kg IV over 30 min

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17
Q

ACIDOSIS
is emporize w/ __________.

A

Sodium bicarbonate IV

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18
Q

Inhibits the toxic metabolites of Methyl Alcohol.

A

ETHANOL THERAPY

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19
Q

LABORATORY TEST FOR METHANOL

A

KMnO4 test / Baeyer’s test

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20
Q

Positive test result of Methanol.

A

Discoloration of KMNO4

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21
Q

Disappearance of the purple color turned to _______.

A

Brownish colored solution

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22
Q

White crystals, colorless liquid

A

CHLORAL HYDRATE

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23
Q

CHLORAL HYDRATE taste

A

Slightly bitter, caustic taste

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24
Q

ODOR of CHLORAL HYDRATE

A

aromatic, penetrating odor

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25
Q

Used as treatment for insomnia.

A

CHLORAL HYDRATE

26
Q

Use in human as sedative or hypnotic drugs.

A

CHLORAL HYDRATE

27
Q

Chloral hydrate is converted to the active
compound ______________.

A

TRICHLOROETHANOL

28
Q

Treatment in Hypotension of CHLORAL Hydrate

A

Infuse 10-22mL/kg isotonic fluid

29
Q

Hypotension persist, administer __________ &____________.

A

Dopamine or
Norepinephrine

30
Q

Treatment for Ventricular dysarrythmias

A

Propranolol or Esmolol

31
Q

if previous are unsuccesful give __________&___________.

A

LIDOCAINE AND PHENYTOIN

32
Q

TEST FOR CHLORAL HYDRATE

A

•Ammonium Sulfide Test

33
Q

Test result for CHLORAL HYDRATE

A

Formation of red color or red precipitate

34
Q

Colorless gas or liquid

A

HYDROCYANIC ACID

35
Q

Fatal dose of HYDROCYANIC ACID

A

300 mg/m3 in air in about 10 minutes

36
Q

ODOR of HYDROCYANIC ACID

A

Bitter almond odor

37
Q

TASTE of HYDROCYANIC ACID

A

Bitter, Burning taste

38
Q

PROPHYLAXIS/TX
of HYDROCYANIC ACID

A

Sodium thiosulfate
Sodium nitrite or 4‐dimethylaminophenol (4 – DMAP)
Dicobalt edetate or hydroxocobalamin.

39
Q

LABORATORY TEST for HYDROCYANIC ACID

A
  1. AgNO3 test
  2. Prussian blue Test for Presence of Cyanide
40
Q

AgNO3 test reagents used:

A

HNO3 and AgNO3

41
Q

Results of AgNO3 test

A

White precipitate

42
Q

Prussian blue test for Presence of Cyanide reagents used:

A

KOH, Ferrous sulfate, Ferric chloride

43
Q

Results of Prussian Blue test for presence of Cyanide?

A

Prussian blue (blue color)

44
Q

TEST FOR PHOSPORUS

A
  1. Ammonium Molybdate Test
  2. Ammonium magnesium Phosphate test
45
Q

Other names of PHOSPHORUS

A

Light Carrier, St. Elmo’s Fire

46
Q

Applications in soda beverages of PHOSPHORUS is

A

PHOSPHORIC ACID

47
Q

Applications in production of fertilizer of PHOSPHORUS is ___________.

A

AGRICULTURE

48
Q

APPLICATIONS OF PHOSPHORUS

A

AGRICULTURE
PHOSPHATES
PHOSPHORIC ACID
PESTICIDES

49
Q

Phosphorus used in smoke bombs.

A

White Phosphorus

50
Q

Phosphorus used in matchbooks strikers and flare.

A

Red Phosphorus

51
Q

Ingestion of White
Phosphorus

A

SMOKING STOOL SYNDROME

52
Q

Chronic White Phosphorus
poisoning

A

Necrosis in the jaw ( “Phossy Jaw or
Lucifer’s jaw”)

53
Q

ALLOTROPIC FORMS that are poisonous.

A

White/Yellow Phosphorus

54
Q

ALLOTROPIC FORMS that are non- poisonous.

A

Red Phosphorus

55
Q

Most stable and non-toxic allotropic form.

A

Black Phosphorus

56
Q

Garlic-like odor, Acid

A

PHOSPHORUS

57
Q

Positive results of Ammonium Molybdate Test

A

Pale yellow solution

58
Q

Positive results of Ammonium magnesium Phosphate test

A

White precipitate

59
Q

Applications of Phosphorus that are used in special glasses for sodium lamps.

A

PHOSPHATES

60
Q

ALLOTROPIC FORMS used in fireworks and incendiary bombe of US military.

A

White/Yellow Phosphorus

TOXICOLOGY LAB (2 decks)

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