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Volatile Poisons Flashcards

1
Q

Color/Form of Ethyl Alcohol

A
  • clear
  • colorless
  • very mobile liquid
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2
Q

Taste of Ethyl Alcohol

A

Burning

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3
Q

ODOR of Ethyl Alcohol

A

Mild, rather pleasant, like wine or whiskey & ethereal

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4
Q

CHEMICAL FORMULA of Ethyl Alcohol

A

CH3CH2OH

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5
Q

Test for Ethanol

A
  1. Chromic Acid Test
  2. Ethyl acetate test
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6
Q

Ethyl acetate is the acetate ester formed between __________ and _________.

A

Acetic acid and ethanol

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7
Q

Positive result of Chromic Acid Test. What color?

A

Red to green

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8
Q

Positive result of Ethyl Acetate Test.

A

Plastic balloon-like odor

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9
Q

Methanol metabolized by________.

A

Liver

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10
Q

Majority of poisoning in Methanol occurred in ___________.

A

Adulterated beverages

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11
Q

Colorless liquid, alcoholic pungent odor

A

METHYL ALCOHOL

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12
Q

Methanol metabolized thru oxidative stage:

A

FORMALDEHYDE
FORMIC ACID
CARBON DIOXIDE

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13
Q

Serious toxicity in Methanol

A

0.25ml/kg of 100%

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14
Q

Fatalities of Methanol

A

0.5ml/kg of 100%

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15
Q

Specific alcohol dehydrogenase antagonist

A

FOMEPIZOLE

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16
Q

Loading dose of FOMEPIZOLE

A

5mg/kg IV over 30 min

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17
Q

ACIDOSIS
is emporize w/ __________.

A

Sodium bicarbonate IV

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18
Q

Inhibits the toxic metabolites of Methyl Alcohol.

A

ETHANOL THERAPY

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19
Q

LABORATORY TEST FOR METHANOL

A

KMnO4 test / Baeyer’s test

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20
Q

Positive test result of Methanol.

A

Discoloration of KMNO4

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21
Q

Disappearance of the purple color turned to _______.

A

Brownish colored solution

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22
Q

White crystals, colorless liquid

A

CHLORAL HYDRATE

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23
Q

CHLORAL HYDRATE taste

A

Slightly bitter, caustic taste

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24
Q

ODOR of CHLORAL HYDRATE

A

aromatic, penetrating odor

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25
Used as treatment for insomnia.
CHLORAL HYDRATE
26
Use in human as sedative or hypnotic drugs.
CHLORAL HYDRATE
27
Chloral hydrate is converted to the active compound ______________.
TRICHLOROETHANOL
28
Treatment in Hypotension of CHLORAL Hydrate
Infuse 10-22mL/kg isotonic fluid
29
Hypotension persist, administer __________ &____________.
Dopamine or Norepinephrine
30
Treatment for Ventricular dysarrythmias
Propranolol or Esmolol
31
if previous are unsuccesful give __________&___________.
LIDOCAINE AND PHENYTOIN
32
TEST FOR CHLORAL HYDRATE
•Ammonium Sulfide Test
33
Test result for CHLORAL HYDRATE
Formation of red color or red precipitate
34
Colorless gas or liquid
HYDROCYANIC ACID
35
Fatal dose of HYDROCYANIC ACID
300 mg/m3 in air in about 10 minutes
36
ODOR of HYDROCYANIC ACID
Bitter almond odor
37
TASTE of HYDROCYANIC ACID
Bitter, Burning taste
38
PROPHYLAXIS/TX of HYDROCYANIC ACID
Sodium thiosulfate Sodium nitrite or 4‐dimethylaminophenol (4 – DMAP) Dicobalt edetate or hydroxocobalamin.
39
LABORATORY TEST for HYDROCYANIC ACID
1. AgNO3 test 2. Prussian blue Test for Presence of Cyanide
40
AgNO3 test reagents used:
HNO3 and AgNO3
41
Results of AgNO3 test
White precipitate
42
Prussian blue test for Presence of Cyanide reagents used:
KOH, Ferrous sulfate, Ferric chloride
43
Results of Prussian Blue test for presence of Cyanide?
Prussian blue (blue color)
44
TEST FOR PHOSPORUS
1. Ammonium Molybdate Test 2. Ammonium magnesium Phosphate test
45
Other names of PHOSPHORUS
Light Carrier, St. Elmo’s Fire
46
Applications in soda beverages of PHOSPHORUS is
PHOSPHORIC ACID
47
Applications in production of fertilizer of PHOSPHORUS is ___________.
AGRICULTURE
48
APPLICATIONS OF PHOSPHORUS
AGRICULTURE PHOSPHATES PHOSPHORIC ACID PESTICIDES
49
Phosphorus used in smoke bombs.
White Phosphorus
50
Phosphorus used in matchbooks strikers and flare.
Red Phosphorus
51
Ingestion of White Phosphorus
SMOKING STOOL SYNDROME
52
Chronic White Phosphorus poisoning
Necrosis in the jaw ( "Phossy Jaw or Lucifer’s jaw")
53
ALLOTROPIC FORMS that are poisonous.
White/Yellow Phosphorus
54
ALLOTROPIC FORMS that are non- poisonous.
Red Phosphorus
55
Most stable and non-toxic allotropic form.
Black Phosphorus
56
Garlic-like odor, Acid
PHOSPHORUS
57
Positive results of Ammonium Molybdate Test
Pale yellow solution
58
Positive results of Ammonium magnesium Phosphate test
White precipitate
59
Applications of Phosphorus that are used in special glasses for sodium lamps.
PHOSPHATES
60
ALLOTROPIC FORMS used in fireworks and incendiary bombe of US military.
White/Yellow Phosphorus

TOXICOLOGY LAB (2 decks)

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