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Paramedicine Handout Questions > Vol. 3 Chapter 5 : Secondary Assessment > Flashcards

Vol. 3 Chapter 5 : Secondary Assessment Flashcards

1
Q

Examination

Procedure for Taking Vital Signs

A
  1. Counts the patient’s respirations
  2. Assesses the pulse as an indicator of circulatory function
  3. Assesses blood pressure with a sphygmomanometer and stethoscope
  4. If blood pressure cannot be heard with a
    stethoscope, uses an ultrasonic Doppler
  5. Uses a battery-operated oral thermometer to
    take the patient’s temperature
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2
Q

Examination

Proceedure

Examining the Head

A
  1. Palpates the cranium from front to back
  2. Inspects the mastoid process
  3. Palpates the facial bones
  4. Palpates the TMJ
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3
Q

Examination

Proceedure

Examining the Eyes

A
  1. Uses a visual acuity chart to test visual acuity
  2. Tests peripheral vision
  3. Inspects the external eye
  4. Tests the pupil’s reaction to light
  5. Tests for accommodation
  6. Moves finger in an H pattern to test patient’s extraocular muscles
  7. Checks the corneal reflex
  8. Visualizes the interior eye with an ophthalmoscope
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4
Q

Examination

Procedure

Examining the Ears

A
  1. Examines the external ear
  2. Presses on the mastoid process
  3. Inspects the ear canal for drainage
  4. Whispers into the patient’s ear
  5. Visualizes the inner ear canal and tympanic membrane
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5
Q

Examination

Procedure

Examining the Nose

A
  1. Palpates the external nose
  2. Inspects the internal nose with an otoscope
  3. Inspects the nose for nasal obstruction
  4. Palpates the frontal sinus
  5. Palpates the maxillary sinus
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6
Q

Examination

Procedure

Examining the Mouth

A

Examining the Mouth

  1. Palpates the lips
  2. Inspects the lips’ undersurfaces
  3. Examines the buccal mucosa
  4. Inspects the tongue using a gauze pad and a

gloved hand

  1. Inspects under the tongue
  2. Has the patient say “Aaahhh” while examining the soft palate and uvula,
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7
Q

Examination

Procedure

Examining the Neck

A
  1. Assesses the trachea for midline position
  2. Palpates the carotid arteries, one at a time
  3. Palpates the thyroid gland
  4. Palpates the lymph nodes
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8
Q

Examination

Procedure

Examining the Chest

A
  1. Palpates the posterior chest for excursion
  2. Palpates the posterior chest for tactile fremitus
  3. Percusses the posterior chest
  4. Auscultates the posterior chest
  5. Palpates the anterior chest for excursion
  6. Percusses the anterior chest
  7. Auscultates the anterior chest
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9
Q

Examination

Procedure

Examining the Abdomen

A
  1. Auscultates for renal bruits
  2. Palpates abdomen lightly
  3. Palpates abdomen deeply
  4. Tests for ascites
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10
Q

Examination

Procedure

Examining the Wrist and Hand

A
  1. Palpates the DIP and PIP joints
  2. Palpates the MCP joints
  3. Palpates the wrist
  4. Assesses wrist flexion and extension
  5. Assesses radial and ulnar deviation
  6. Tests for carpal tunnel syndrome
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11
Q

Examination

Procedure

Examining the Elbow

A
  1. Inspects the elbow
  2. Palpates the lateral and medial epicondyles
  3. Assesses elbow flexion and extension
  4. Assesses supination and pronation of the wrist
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12
Q

Examination

Procedure

Examining the Shoulder

A
  1. Palpates the shoulder using fingertips
  2. Assesses shoulder flexion and extension
  3. Assesses shoulder abduction and adduction
  4. Assesses internal and external shoulder rotation
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13
Q

Examination

Procedure

Examining the Foot and Ankle

A
  1. Palpates the ankle and foot
  2. Palpates the metatarsophalangeal joints
  3. Assesses dorsiflexion and plantar flexion
  4. Assesses inversion and eversion of the foot
  5. Tests flexion and extension of the toes
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14
Q

Examination

Procedure

Examining the Knee

A
  1. Palpates the knee
  2. Palpates the patella
  3. Tests the collateral ligaments of the knee
  4. Tests the cruciate ligaments of the knee
  5. Assesses knee flexion and extension
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15
Q

Examination

Procedure

Examining the Hip

A
  1. Palpates the hip
  2. Assesses hip flexion with the knee flexed
  3. Assesses external and internal rotation of the hip
  4. Assesses hip abduction and adduction
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16
Q

Assessing

Procedure

Assessing the Cardiovascular System

A
  1. Assesses the carotid pulse
  2. Auscultates for bruits
  3. Palpates for the point of maximal impulse (PMI)
  4. Percusses for the PMI
  5. Auscultates for heart sounds
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17
Q

Assessing

Procedure

Assessing the Peripheral Vascular System

A
  1. Palpates the radial artery
  2. Palpates the brachial artery
  3. Palpates and compares the femoral arteries
  4. Palpates the popliteal pulse
  5. Palpates the dorsalis pedis pulse
  6. Palpates the posterior tibial pulse.
  7. Palpates for edema
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18
Q

Assessing

Procedure

Assessing the Spine

A
  1. Palpates the spine
  2. Tests flexion and extension of the head and neck
  3. Tests rotation of the head and neck
  4. Assesses lateral bending of the head and neck
  5. Assesses flexion of the lower spine
  6. Assesses lateral bending of the lower spine
  7. Assesses spinal extension
  8. Assesses spinal rotation
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19
Q

Assessing

Procedure

Assessing the Cranial Nerves

A
  1. Tests the olfactory nerve by having the patient identify common odors
  2. Tests the oculomotor, trochlear, and abducens nerves by evaluating thepatient’s extraocular movements
  3. Tests motor function of the trigeminal nerve by palpating the temporal andmasseter muscles
  4. Tests sensory function of the trigeminal nerve with sharp and dull objects
  5. Tests the glossopharyngeal and vagus nerves with a tongue blad
  6. Tests the spinal accessory nerve by having the patient shrug his shouldersagainst resistance
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20
Q

Assessing

Procedure

Assessing the Motor System

A
  1. Assesses the elbow’s range of motion
  2. Tests the patient’s grip
  3. Tests arm strength
  4. Tests for pronator drift
  5. Tests for coordination with rapid alternating movements
  6. Tests coordination with point-to-point testing
  7. Assesses coordination with heel-to-shin testing
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21
Q

Testing & Reassessing

Procedure

Testing the Reflexes

A
  1. Tests the biceps reflex (cervical nerves C5 and C6)
  2. Tests the triceps reflex (cervical nerves C6, C7, and C8)
  3. Tests the brachioradialis reflex (cervical nerves C5 and C6)
  4. Tests the quadriceps reflex (lumbar nerves L2, L3, and L4)
  5. Tests the Achilles reflex (sacral nerves S1 and S2)
  6. Tests the plantar reflex (central nervous system)
  7. Tests the abdominal reflexes (thoracic nerves T8, T9, T10, T11, T12)
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22
Q

Testing & Reassessing

Procedure

Reassessment

A
  1. Reassesses the ABCs
  2. Takes all vital signs again
  3. Performs focused assessment again
  4. Evaluates effect of interventions
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23
Q

The process of informed observation is:

A .Palpation

B. Inspection
C. Percussion
D. Auscultation

A

B. Inspection

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24
Q

Which of the following is not a type of percussion:

A. Pointed
B. Blunt
C. Direct
D. Indirect

A

A. Pointed

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25
Q

It is best to examine which of the following patients
using the toe to head method?

A. 6-year-old child complaining of a sore throat
B.12-year-old female patient complaining of difficulty
breathing

C. 2-year-old child with a fractured arm
D. 9-month-old infant with a fever

A

D. 9-month-old infant with a fever

26
Q

Voice changes that are caused by vocal cord
problems are known as:

A. Dysarthria
B. Aphasia

C. Dysphonia
D. Dysphasia

A

C. Dysphonia

27
Q

The first physical exam finding you will often observe
with an emergency condition is a change in:

A. Blood pressure
B. Pulse rate
C. Respiratory rate
D. Mental status

A

D. Mental Status

28
Q

___________ usually indicates an increase in
sympathetic nervous system stimulation as the body compensates foranother problem.

A. Shortness of breath
B. Bradycardia
C. Tachycardia
D. Chest pain

A

C. Tachycardia

29
Q

The difference between the systolic and diastolic
pressures is known as:

A. Pulse pressure
B. Mean arterial pressure
C. Blood pressure differential

D. Mean systemic pressure

A

A. Pulse pressure

30
Q

A positive orthostatic vital sign change means that
upon standing the patient’s pulse rate:

A. Decreased by 5 beats per minute
B. Decreased by 15 beats per minute
C. Increased by 5 beats per minute
D. Increased by15 beats per minute

A

D. Increased by15 beats per minute

31
Q

A blood pressure cuff fits the patient correctly if it
covers:

A. One-third of the upper arm
B. Two-thirds of the upper arm

C. One-half of the upper arm
D. The entire upper arm

A

B. Two-thirds of the upper arm

32
Q

Skin color should be assessed where the _________
is thinnest.

A. Epidermis
B. Dermis
C. Capillary bed
D. Papillary layer

A

A. Epidermis

33
Q

An elevated, palpable area containing liquid or
viscous matter is called a/n:

A. Pustule
B. Bulla
C. Cyst
D. Fissure

A

C. Cyst

34
Q

Clubbing of the fingernails occurs because of:

A. Transient hypoxia
B. Chronic hypoxia
C. Transient hypercapnia
D. Chronic hypercapnia

A

B. Chronic hypoxia

35
Q

Which of the following cranial nerves does NOT
control eye movement?

A. Trigeminal nerve
B. Oculomotor nerve
C. Trochlear nerve
D. Abducens nerve

A

A.Trigeminal nerve

36
Q

The ___________ is a coiled structure that transmits
sound to the acoustic nerve.

A. Malleus
C. Stapes
B. Concha
D. Cochlea

A

D. Cochlea

37
Q

Battle’s sign is a common but late sign of:

A. A hemorrhagic stroke
B. Increased intracranial pressure

C. A basilar skull fracture

D. Mandibular fracture

A

C. A basilar skull fracture

38
Q

An adult normally has _____ permanent teeth.

A. 24

B. 32
C. 28
D. 34

A

B. 32

39
Q

To examine the postauricular lymph node, you
palpate:

A. At the base of the mandible under the chin

B. Along the underside of the jaw
C. On the tragus and “milk” anteriorly

D. On or under the mastoid process

A

D. On or under the mastoid process

40
Q

Popping, nonmusical sounds heard during inspiration
are called:

A. Wheezes

B. Stridor

C. Rales

D.Rhonchi

A

C. Rales

41
Q

The resistance in the vessels that the heart must
overcome to eject blood is called:

A. Preload
B. Afterload
C. Mean arterial pressure
D. Pulse pressure

A

B. Afterload

42
Q

Tennis elbow is found by palpating the:

A. Capitulum
B. Trochlea
C. Lateral epicondyle
D. Medial epicondyle

A

D. Medial epicondyle

43
Q

Memory can be divided into three grades: ____________,
___________, and __________.

A

Immediate, recent, remote

44
Q

The force of blood against the arteries’ walls as the heart contracts and relaxes creates the patient’s ____________ ____________.

A

Blood pressure

45
Q

The scalp has five layers of tissue that can be remembered by the acronym SCALP, which stands for: ____________, ____________,
_______________, _____________, and _____________.

A

Skin

Connective tissue

Aponeurosis

Loose tissue

Periosteum

46
Q

When testing a patient’s visual acuity, you should place the patient 20 ______ from a visual acuity wall chart or hold a visual acuity card 14_______ from his face.

A

20 Feet

14 Inches

47
Q

The inner ear cavity contains the _____________________, the
_______________ ______________, and the _______________.

A

Vestibule, semicircular canals, cochlea

48
Q

When assessing your patient’s ear, you should pull the helix _____________ and __________, and press on the ______________ and
the _______________ _________________.

A

Upward,

outward,

tragus,

mastoid process

49
Q

The salivary glands include the:

_________________ ___________, _________________ __________,

_______________ ____________, ___________________ _____________,
_________________ ______________, ________________ ____________.

A

Posterior auricular, occipital, superficial cervical, posterior cervical, supraclavicular, preauricular,

tonsillar, submental, submandibular,

deep cervical chain

50
Q

When assessing a patient’s chest, you should auscultate for the
following adventitious breath sounds: ______________,
________________, ______________, ______________, ____________
__________.

A

Crackles, wheezes, rhonchi, stridor, pleural rubs

51
Q

Vibrations felt on a patient’s chest wall when he speaks are called
_______________ _____________.

A

Tactile fremitus

52
Q

______________ _____________ _________ are the squeaking
or grating sounds of the pleural linings rubbing together.

A

Pleural friction rubs

53
Q

__________ is the amount of blood returned to the heart from the body.

A

Preload

54
Q

During systole the ventricles contract and the __________ and
____________ valves close.

A

Tricuspid, mitral

55
Q

When attempting to listen for the S2 heart sound, you place your
stethoscope at the _________ ___ ___ ________.

A

Base of the heart

56
Q

A third heart sound, usually considered pathological in patientsover the age of 30, is sometimes called the ____________ ___________.

A

Ventricular gallop

57
Q

The large intestine has three distinct sections, including the _________ ______, the _________ __________, and the______________ _____________.

A

Ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon

58
Q

The proximal attachment of a tendon to a bone is called the ________, and the distal attachment

is called the ______________.

A

Origin, insertion

59
Q

The six type of joints are: __________ and ___________, ___________, _______________, ______________, ___________________,

and ____________.

A

Ball,

socket,

condyloid,

gliding,

hinge,

pivot,

saddle

60
Q

C1 is comminly referred to as the ___________, and C2 is
commonly referred to as the ______________.

A

Atlas, axis

61
Q

Areas of skin that are innervated by afferent fibers are known as
________________.

A

Dermatomes

Paramedicine Handout Questions (4 decks)

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