Voice/Swallowing Disorders Flashcards
Patients with voice disturbance, were later diagnosed with ___.
ALS
Dysarthria, dysphagia, tongue fasculations, and incomplete VF closure were common ___ findings.
ALS findings
_____ dysphonia is associated with improvement in voice quality w/sedatives or sensory tricks such as yelling, singing, whispering or laughing while speaking.
Spasmodic dysphonia
_____ spasmodic dysphonia is characterized by a tight, strained, and strangled voice.
Adductor spasmodic dysphonia
___ is the gold standard of treatment for Adductor Dysphonia, and is injected into the thyroarytenoid muscle.
Botulinum toxin
Botulinum toxin is the gold standard of treatment for Adductor Dysphonia, and is injected into the _____ muscle.
Thyroarytenoid muscle
Botulinum toxin is the gold standard of treatment for_____ Dysphonia, and is injected into the _____ muscle.
Adductor dysphonia
Patients with _____ spasmodic dysphonia will break when counting from 80-89.
ADductor spasmodic dysphonia
Patients with _____ spasmodic dysphonia will break when counting from 60-69.
ABductor spasmodic dysphonia
Patients with _____ spasmodic dysphonia will break when pronouncing vowels.
ADductor spasmodic dysphonia
___ is often a useful adjunctive therapy for patients w/spasmodic dysphonia.
Voice therapy
Injection of the ___ muscle is performed for ABductor spasmodic dysphonia.
Posterior cricoarytenoid muscle
_____ - grade VC injury appears as fibrillation potentials, abscene of motor unit potentials and recruitment on laryngeal EMG.
High grade - VC injury
___ manifests as b/l dystonic facial spasms including excessive blinking, jaw thrusting, and vocal dystonias.
Meige’s syndrome
A Dystonia is an abnormal _____ resulting in muscular spasm and abnormal posture, typically due to neuro disease or a side effect of drug therapy.
Abnormal muscle tone
Spasmodic dysphonia, abnormal tongue movements, and Kayser-Fleischer rings are associated with ___.
Wilson’s disease.
(excess copper deposition)
_____ lesions cause spasticity and hyperreflexia
UMN
____ CNS lesions cause flaccidity, weakness, atrophy, fasiculations and hyporeflexia
LMN
___functional VC disorders fall in the category of muscle tension dysphonia, tremor, and spasmodic dysphonia
Hyperfunctional
___functional VC disorders MS, Parkinson’s, VC paralysis
Hypofunctional
Treatment for functional dysphonia consists of ___ and ___.
voice therapy and biofeedback.
Hoarseness out of proportion to the FFL, think…
- Muscle tension dysphonia
- Lesion not visible
Dystonia is a ___functioning VC disorder
Hyperfunctioning
A focal dystonia is referred to as a ___ or ___ dysphonia
spasmodic or bulbar
___ is the treatment of choice for spasmodic dysphonia and essential voice tremor.
Botox injections
Botox injection is the treatment of choice for ___ dysphonia and ___.
Spasmodic dysphonia and essential voice tremor.
If the voice “normalizes” with speech (eg, some days voice is normal, some days it sounds hoarse), this is indicative of ___ dysphonia.
muscle tension dysphonia
If the voice does not “normalize” with speech (eg, some days voice is normal, some days it sounds hoarse), this is indicative of ___ dysphonia.
spasmodic dysphonia (autonomic, brain always in control)
Struggling with “Ps” in speech, is an example of __ductor dysphonia.
ABductor dysphonia
(P is “soundless,” notice the air w/speech)
____ dysphonia makes the VFs open inappropriately w/voicing
ABductory dysphonia (eg, in the middle of speech, almost “losing” their breath)
___ dysphonia causes the VFs to meet and stay together inappropriately w/voicing
ADductor dysphonia
1.
___ involves rhythmnic contraction and often adjacent pharyngeal/cervical voice use at rest.
Essential tremor
The most common complication of a Zenker’s diverticulum is _____.
Aspiration
Sarcoidosis affects the ___.
“SAW”
“S”arcoidosis - supraglottis
“A”myloidosis - glottis
“W”egner’s - subglottis
Amyloidosis affects the _____.
“SAW”
“S”arcoidosis - supraglottis
“A”myloidosis - glottis
“W”egner’s - subglottis
Wegner’s (Granulomatosis w/polyangitis) affects the _____.
“SAW”
“S”arcoidosis - supraglottis
“A”myloidosis - glottis
“W”egner’s - subglottis
___ diverticulum can be treated with endoscopic diverticulostomy but a ___ diverticulum should be treated w/open diverticulectomy b/c of close relationship to RLN.
Zenker diverticulum can be treated with endoscopic diverticulostomy but a Killian-Jamieson diverticulum should be treated w/open diverticulectomy b/c of close relationship to RLN.
Zenker diverticulum can be treated with ___ diverticulostomy but a Killian-Jamieson diverticulum should be treated w/___ diverticulectomy b/c of close relationship to RLN.
Zenker diverticulum can be treated with endoscopic diverticulostomy but a Killian-Jamieson diverticulum should be treated w/open diverticulectomy b/c of close relationship to RLN.
Patients affected w/____ motion develop intermittent *stridor** and **respiratory distress **due to inappropriate adduction during inspiration.
Paradoxical VC motion
paradoxical VC motion (PVCM) is associated with __ (disorders).
psychosocial distress, exercise, stress, and exposure to inhalation irritants.
Acute treatment of paradoxical adduction of VCs during inspiration is ___.
Reassurance and supportive measures (panting, “sniff-hiss” breath) until the episode passes.
Cricotracheal resection ___ VHI in the immediate post-op period (1mo), and ___by 2 years f/u
Increases (worse pitch)
Returns to baseline
The risk of _____ is higher for Killian-Jamieson diverticulum than for Zenker’s diverticulum b/c of the anatomical relationships
RLN injury
___ excision rather than endoscopic resection is a safer management of a Killian-Jamieson diverticulum.
Open transcervical excision
