voice: functional disorders Flashcards
functional aphonia
Etiology- psychological: depression, trauma
extent of loss- no speech sounds, some body sounds (cough)
Onset- sudden (trauma) or gradual (depression)
Organic aphonia
Onset: sudden (stroke, TBI, laryngectomy) or gradual (tumor)
Extent of loss: attempts at sound, no laryngeal body sounds (cough=clicking)
Possible difficulty swallowing, respirating
Primary gain
Ego protective device, to escape something eg: sound sick
Secondary gain
Positive reinforcement for original action, makes you more likely to do it again
Optimum vs modal pitch
Optimum is the pitch you should use, sounds and feels appropriate
Modal is pitch you do use most often
Mass/size
Superficial laryngeal warts
Approximation
Paralysis
Hyper function
Vocal folds: Strident, too high/intense, harsh
Hypo pharynx: spasmodic dysphonia
Hypofunction
Muffled, thin, low pitch and intensity, breathy
Hyper-hypofunction cycle
Vocal abuse– burn out/hypo function – overcompensate— more damage
Functional Phonasthenia
Etiology: occupational, covering up aggression (overcompensate) manipulative, depression
Reduced artic
Not enough breath support
Too great air release at beginning
Falsetto
66% VF adducted, doesn’t vibrate
33% Glottal chink vibrates
Etiology: gender opposition
High pitch
Closely adducted
Etiology: Rejecting adulthood,
Occupation, tension, Personal preference (gender opposition)
Pitch breaks
Pitch goes from modal to optimum– up or down
Glottal squeeze
Anxiety
Breathiness
Breath support, too much release of air at onset, speak on residual air
Functional causes: carryover from nodules, anxiety, personality, self presentation (sensual)
