vocabulary2

Question 1

token
noun [ C ]
UK /ˈtəʊ.kən/ US /ˈtoʊ.kən/

Answer 1

token noun [C] (SYMBOL)
C1
something that you do, or a thing that you give someone, that expresses your feelings or intentions, although it might have little practical effect:
As a token of our gratitude for all that you have done, we would like you to accept this small gift.
It doesn’t have to be a big present - it’s just a token.

Question 2

unevenly
adverb
UK /ʌnˈiː.vən.li/ US /ʌnˈiː.vən.li/

Answer 2

in a way that is not level, equal, flat, or continuous:
The two boxers were unevenly matched.
The main problem with regular backpacks is that the weight is unevenly distributed.

Question 3

staunchly
adverb
UK /ˈstɔːntʃ.li/ US /ˈstɑːntʃ.li/

Answer 3

strongly:
staunchly loyal/independent
ex, Eastern Europeans have staunchly opposed migration

Question 4

lush
adjective
UK /lʌʃ/ US /lʌʃ/

Answer 4

A lush area has a lot of green, healthy plants, grass, and trees:
lush green valleys
very attractive to look at, taste, smell, etc.:
the lush sound of the orchestra
the lush taste of fudge ice cream

Question 5

underway
adjective [ after verb ] (also under way)
UK /ˌʌn.dəˈweɪ/ US /ˌʌn.dɚˈweɪ/

Answer 5

C2
If something is underway, it is happening now:
Economic recovery is already underway.
ex, Some police officers have done so with such gusto that a ferocious debate is underway about the balance between collective responsibility and individual liberty.

Question 6

overly
adverb
UK /ˈəʊ.vəl.i/ US /ˈoʊ.vɚ.li/
(also over)

Answer 6

too; very:
Earlier sales forecasts were overly optimistic.
His films have been criticized for being overly violent.
Synonyms
excessively
ex, but also expressed alarm at some overly zealous enforcement.

Question 7

be up to your neck (in sth)

informal

Answer 7

to be very busy:

I’d like to help, but I’m up to my neck at the moment.

Question 8

hazy
adjective
UK /ˈheɪ.zi/ US /ˈheɪ.zi/

Answer 8

hazy adjective (MEMORY)
not remembering things clearly:
hazy memories of childhood
ex, Britons may be hazy about its contents

Question 9

chastise
verb [ T ] formal
UK /tʃæsˈtaɪz/ US /tʃæsˈtaɪz/

Answer 9

chastise verb [T] (CRITICIZE)

to criticize someone severely:
Charity organizations have chastised the government for not doing enough to prevent the latest famine in Africa.
She has been chastised by critics who say that children will never learn to recognize and enjoy vegetables if they are disguised.
More examples
The doctor was chastised by a patient for being overweight.
He publicly chastised Democrats who supported continued funding for the war.
She chastised herself for not getting up and being more active.

Question 10

sightseer
noun [ C ]
UK /ˈsaɪtˌsiː.ər/ US /ˈsaɪtˌsiː.ɚ/

Answer 10

a person who is visiting interesting places, especially on holiday:
Fairs, festivals, and sports events are held throughout the year and attract many sightseers .
Crowds of sightseers had gathered in the area yesterday, despite pouring rain, to catch a glimpse of the scene.
More examples
Visiting the area is not for the casual sightseer.
Nancy and I are avid sightseers so we decided to stay on and see a little more of the city.
Boats carry sightseers round the island.
ex, picturesque spots were inundated with sightseers.

Question 11

washed up

Answer 11

If you are washed up, you are no longer successful and you have no chance of success in the future:
The tragedy of being a dancer is that you’re all washed up by the time you’re 35.
[ before noun ] a bunch of washed-up celebrities
no longer suitable for or able to do what you did in the past:
a washed-up comic

Question 12

washcloth
noun [ C ] US
UK /ˈwɒʃ.klɒθ/ US /ˈwɑːʃ.klɑːθ/
(UK facecloth, flannel)

Answer 12

a small cloth used to wash the body, especially the face and hands

Question 13

tinged
adjective
UK /tɪndʒd/ US /tɪndʒd/

Answer 13

having a very slight amount of a colour or of a feeling:
Her dark hair is now tinged with grey.
Suddenly her excitement was tinged with a faint sense of apprehension.
Ex, Songs, often tinged with dark humour, strike a chord with audiences amid lockdown

Question 14

idle
adjective
UK /ˈaɪ.dəl/ US /ˈaɪ.dəl/

Answer 14

C1
not working or being used:
Half these factories now stand idle.
It’s crazy to have £7,000 sitting idle in the bank.

An idle moment or period of time is one in which there is no work or activity:
If you have an idle moment, call me.

without work:
Almost half of the workforce are now idle.
C2 [ before noun ]
without any particular purpose:
idle chatter/gossip/speculation
an idle glance
This is no idle threat.
ex, and idly dancing before leaving the house to buy food.

Question 15

Meaning of bleak in English

bleak
adjective
UK /bliːk/ US /bliːk/

Answer 15

C2
If a place is bleak, it is empty, and not welcoming or attractive:
The house stands on a bleak, windswept hilltop.
C2
If a situation is bleak, there is little or no hope for the future:
The economic outlook is bleak.

Question 16

To mop the floor with someone or wipe the floor with someone

Answer 16

means to defeat him soundly, to vanquish him in a humiliating manner, to leave no doubt of one’s superiority in a contest.

Question 17

yoke
noun [ C ]
UK /jəʊk/ US /joʊk/

Answer 17

a wooden bar that is fastened over the necks of two animals, especially cattle, and connected to the vehicle or load that they are pulling.
yugo
ex, that of the odyssey of Spanish Republicans engaged in the fight to suppress the Nazi yoke
yoke noun [C] (CONNECTION)

formal
something that connects two things or people, usually in a way that unfairly limits freedom:
the yoke of marriage
Both countries had thrown off the communist yoke.

Question 18

dar la pelmada

Answer 18

expr.
molestar, importunar.
❙ «En lugar de dar la pelmada, como hicieron todos, yo me quedé en mi sitio…» Manuel Hidalgo, Azucena, que juega al tenis.

Question 19

periculum in mora

Answer 19

El peligro está en detenerse (o en demorarse). Tito Livio.

Question 20

desfraseologización

Answer 20

la manipulación consciente de un frasema (secuencia poliléxica no libre) con objeto de obtener efectos estilísticos.

Question 21

frasema

Answer 21

también llamado un conjunto de pensamientos, conjunto de frases , frase idiomática , la expresión de varias palabras

Question 22

refrán cochino

Answer 22

Quien nace lechón muere cochino,

Question 23

paralingüística

Answer 23

es parte del estudio de la comunicación humana que se interesa por los elementos que acompañan a la comunicación oral y a la comunicación escrita y que constituyen señales e indicios que transmiten información adicional, matizan, reafirman, aclaran o sugieren interpretaciones particulares de la información propiamente lingüística. Básicamente, el paralenguaje se podría definir como “aquello que está más allá de las palabras”.

Question 24

quiasmo

Del gr. χιασμός chiasmós ‘disposición cruzada en aspa’, por alus. a la forma de la letra griega ji1.

Answer 24

1. m. Ret. Disposición en órdenes inversos de los miembros de dos secuencias consecutivas, como en se dilata el corazón y el espíritu se satisface.

Question 25

auspiciar
De auspicio.

Conjug. c. anunciar.

Answer 25

1. tr. Patrocinar, favorecer.

2. tr. Presagiar, adivinar, predecir.

Question 26

Acto ilocutivo o acto de habla ilocutorio

Answer 26

Es la intención del hablante, su finalidad. Ejemplos de este tipo de actos son felicitar o agradecer.

Question 27

Acto perlocutivo

Answer 27

Son los efectos o consecuencias que causan los actos ilocutivos. Tiene en cuenta la reacción al hablar o escribir que realiza un ser humano.
También, los actos de habla se pueden dividir en dos tipos:

Actos directos: Son aquellos enunciados en los que el aspecto locutivo e ilocutivo coinciden, es decir, se expresa directamente la intención.
Actos indirectos: Son aquellas frases en las que el aspecto locutivo e ilocutivo no coinciden, por lo tanto la finalidad de la oración es distinta a lo que se expresa directamente.

Question 28

incur
verb [ T ] formal
UK /ɪnˈkɜːr/ US /ɪnˈkɝː/
-rr-

Answer 28

C2
to experience something, usually something unpleasant, as a result of actions you have taken:
to incur debts/fines/bills
The play has incurred the wrath/anger of both audiences and critics.
Please detail any costs/expenses incurred by you in attending the interview.

to experience something bad as a result of actions you have taken:
We incurred heavy expenses to repair the poor work done by the builder.

Question 29

awry
adjective [ after verb ], adverb
UK /əˈraɪ/ US /əˈraɪ/

Answer 29

not in the intended way:
Anything that goes awry (= goes wrong) in the office is blamed on Pete.
The strike has sent the plans for investment seriously awry.

in the wrong position:
She rushed in, her face red and sweaty and her hat awry.

Question 30

have no business doing sth

Answer 30

to have no right to do something:

You had no business reading my private letters.

Question 31

hotline
noun [ C ]
UK /ˈhɒt.laɪn/ US /ˈhɑːt.laɪn/

Answer 31

a special telephone number for emergencies or for a particular service:
a hotline for complaints

Question 32

riotous
adjective
UK /ˈraɪ.ə.təs/ US /ˈraɪ.ə.t̬əs/

Answer 32

very loud and uncontrolled, and full of energy:
We went to a riotous party and danced all night.
UK Five students were arrested for riotous behaviour.

Question 33

hiss
verb
UK /hɪs/ US /hɪs/

Answer 33

to say something in a quiet angry way:

“Shut up, Tom!” she hissed.

Question 34

soapy
adjective
UK /ˈsəʊ.pi/ US /ˈsoʊ.pi/

Answer 34

containing or like soap:
I soaked it in some soapy water and the stains came out.
I used to think avocados tasted soapy when I was a child.
ex, a tale of sexual predation on top of a soapy bitch-fest of female rivalry.

Question 35

deranged
adjective
UK /dɪˈreɪndʒd/ US /dɪˈreɪndʒd/

Answer 35

completely unable to think clearly or behave in a controlled way, especially because of mental illness:
a deranged criminal/mind/personality
to be mentally deranged.
Synonym
crazed
ex, German actor achieved international prominence for his role as a deranged doctor in the film.

Question 36

parse
verb [ T ] LANGUAGE specialized
UK /pɑːs/ US /pɑːrs/

Answer 36

to separate a sentence into grammatical parts, such as subject, verb, etc.

Question 37

curfew
noun [ C or U ]
UK /ˈkɜː.fjuː/ US /ˈkɝː.fjuː/

Answer 37

a rule that everyone must stay at home between particular times, usually at night, especially during a war or a period of political trouble:
to impose/lift a curfew
a midnight curfew
He was shot for breaking (= not obeying) the curfew.

mainly US
a time by which a child must be home in the evening:
You’ll be in trouble if you get home after curfew.

Question 38

hail
verb
UK /heɪl/ US /heɪl/

Answer 38

C2 [ T ] formal
to call someone in order to attract their attention:
Shall we hail a taxi?
I tried to hail her from across the room.
hail
noun
UK /heɪl/ US /heɪl/

C2 [ U ]
small, hard balls of ice that fall from the sky like rain
a hail of sth

a lot of similar things or remarks, thrown or shouted at someone at the same time:
a hail of bullets
The prime minister was greeted with a hail of insults as she arrived at the university.
More examples
There will be widespread showers of rain, hail and sleet.
Hail and snow are causing treacherous driving conditions, and motorists are warned to drive slowly.

Question 39

askew
adjective [ after verb ]
UK /əˈskjuː/ US /əˈskjuː/

Answer 39

not straight or level:
Isn’t that picture slightly askew?
My hat was askew so I adjusted it in the mirror.
More examples
He reaches to straighten the only book in her home office that’s slightly askew.
A desk chair was tipped on its side, a trash can was overturned, and a rug was askew.
A slightly askew painting on the Carlsons’ living room wall is testimony to the traffic overhead.
ex, the best way to let the imagination in is to be slightly askew.”

Question 40

peregrinismos

Answer 40

cuando se trata de voces imprescindibles por el desconocimiento de lo que designan

Question 41

xenismos

Answer 41

si son vocablos innecesarios o superfluos, puesto que la lengua que los adquiere ya posee otras equivalencias con el mismo significado

Question 42

sincronía

Answer 42

escoger y definir adecuadamente el lenguaje hablado y escrito de una comunidad en un momento determinado

Question 43

outcry
noun [ C ]
UK /ˈaʊt.kraɪ/ US /ˈaʊt.kraɪ/

Answer 43

a strong expression of anger and disapproval about something, made by a group of people or by the public:
The release from prison of two of the terrorists has provoked a public outcry.

Question 44

pundit
noun [ C ]
UK /ˈpʌn.dɪt/ US /ˈpʌn.dɪt/

Answer 44

a person who knows a lot about a particular subject and is therefore often asked to give an opinion about it:
a political/foreign-policy/sports pundit
someone who is an expert on a subject and often speaks or writes about it:
The collapse was not predicted by any of the financial pundits.
media/football/stock market pundit Since leaving politics he has built a career as a media pundit.
ex, The right-wing pundit further insisted that the threat of the virus has been overblown.

Question 45

Meaning of backlash in English

backlash
noun [ C ]
UK /ˈbæk.læʃ/ US /ˈbæk.læʃ/

Answer 45

a strong feeling among a group of people in reaction to a change or recent events in society or politics:
the 60s backlash against bourgeois materialism
the backlash against feminism.
ex,

Question 46

quandary
noun [ C usually singular ]
UK /ˈkwɒn.dri/ US /ˈkwɑːn.dri/

Answer 46

a state of not being able to decide what to do about a situation in which you are involved:
I’ve had two job offers, and I’m in a real quandary about/over which one to accept.
ex, For tens of thousands of workers around Europe, #stayathome has posed a painful quandary.

Question 47

epígrafe

Del lat. mediev. epigraphe, y este del gr. ἐπιγραφή epigraphḗ.

Answer 47

1. m. Resumen que suele preceder a cada uno de los capítulos u otras divisiones de una obra científica o literaria, o a un discurso o escrito que no tenga tales divisiones.
2. m. Cita o sentencia que suele ponerse a la cabeza de una obra científica o literaria o de cada uno de sus capítulos o divisiones de otra clase.
3. m. Inscripción en piedra, metal, etc.
4. m. rótulo (‖ título).

Question 48

pervivir

Del lat. pervivĕre.

Answer 48

1. intr. Seguir viviendo a pesar del tiempo o de las dificultades.

Question 49

Refrán traición

Answer 49

Ahora adulador, mañana traidor.

Question 50

Refrán conejos

Answer 50

El que asa dos conejos a la vez, uno se le quema.

Question 51

Preposición “a”

Answer 51

i) Ante los relativos de persona quien, el que, la que y sus plurales, cuando ejercen la función de complemento directo del verbo subordinado: Ese es el hombre a quien o al que golpearon. A diferencia de quien, el relativo que, cuando tiene antecedente de persona y se usa sin artículo, nunca lleva preposición en función de complemento directo: Las personas que amamos… (no Las personas a que amamos…).

Question 52

Preposición “a” 2

Answer 52

l) Ante nombres de cosa, cuando son complemento directo de verbos que significan orden lineal o jerárquico, como preceder o seguir, y otros como acompañar, complementar, modificar (en el sentido gramatical de ‘servir de adjunto o complemento’) o sustituir (en el sentido de ‘ocupar el puesto [de otra cosa]’): El otoño precede al invierno; La calma sigue a la tempestad; El adjetivo modifica al sustantivo; El aceite sustituye a la mantequilla en esta receta.