Vocabulary Part IV Flashcards
1
Q
effrontery…
insolent or impertinent behaviour.
“one juror had the effrontery to challenge the coroner’s decision”
A
insolent…
showing a rude and arrogant lack of respect.
“she hated the insolent tone of his voice”
2
Q
annals…
a record of events year by year.
“eighth-century Northumberland annals”
historical records.
“the annals of the police courts”
used in titles of learned journals.
A
unfazed…
not disconcerted or perturbed.
“protestors were unfazed by the prospect of arrest”
3
Q
bristling…
1.
(especially of hair) short, stiff, and spiky.
“a bristling beard”
2.
aggressively brisk or tense.
“he fills the screen with a restless, bristling energy”
A
postulate…suggest/assume existence, fact, or truth of (sth) as basis for reasoning/discussion/belief.
“theory postulated rotatory mvment for hurricanes”
2.
nominate/elect (smne) to ecclesiastical office subject to sanction of higher authority.
“chapter was allowed to postulate bishop of Bath”
4
Q
ecclesiastical…
relating to the Christian Church or its clergy.
“the ecclesiastical hierarchy”
A
taint…
contaminate or pollute (something).
“the air was tainted by fumes from the cars”
affect with a bad or undesirable quality.
“his reputation was tainted by scandal”
5
Q
illuminating…
helping to clarify or explain something.
“it’s been a very illuminating discussion”
A
cloying…
excessively sweet, rich, sentimental, esp to a disgusting or sickening degree.
“a romantic, rather cloying story”
6
Q
legion
1.
a division of 3,000–6,000 men, including a complement of cavalry, in the ancient Roman army.
2.
a vast number of people or things.
“legions of photographers and TV cameras”
A
zeitgeist…
defining spirit or mood of a particular period of history as shown by ideas and beliefs of the time.
“the story captured the zeitgeist of the late 1960s”
7
Q
placebo is treatment that has no active properties, such as a sugar pill. There are many clinical trials where a person who has taken placebo instead of active treatment has reported an improvement in symptoms. Belief in a treatment may be enough to change course of a person’s physical illness.
A
palliative…
(of medicine or form of medical care) relieving symptoms without dealing with cause of condition.
“palliative drugs”
8
Q
callous…
showing/ insensitive & cruel disregard for others.
“callous comments about murder made me shiver”
A
indelible
(of ink/pen) making marks that can’t be removed.
“an indelible marker pen”
Similar:
ineffaceable
not able to be forgotten.
“the story made an indelible impression on me”
9
Q
Flotsam=debris in water that was not deliberately thrown overboard, often as a result from a shipwreck or accident. Jetsam=debris that was deliberately thrown overboard by a crew of a ship in distress, most often to lighten the ship’s load.
A
searing…
extremely hot or intense.
“the searing heat of the sun”
severely critical.
“a searing indictment of government’s performance”
10
Q
enduring…
lasting over a period of time; durable.
“he formed no. of enduring relationships w women”
A
exalt…
1.
think or speak very highly of (smne or sth).
“the party will continue to exalt their hero”
2.
raise to a higher rank or position.
“this naturally exalts the peasant above his brethren in the same rank of society”
11
Q
eclectic…
1.
deriving ideas, style, or taste from a broad and diverse range of sources.
“universities offering an eclectic mix of courses”
Similar:
multifarious
Opposite:
dogmatic
2.
PHILOSOPHY
denoting or belonging to a class of ancient philosophers who did not belong to or found any recognized school of thought but selected doctrines from various schools of thought.
A
catharsis…
1.
process of releasing, and thereby providing relief from, strong or repressed emotions.
“music is a means of catharsis for them”
12
Q
obliteration…
action or fact of obliterating or being obliterated; total destruction.
“headlines about the obliteration of the green belt”
A
elude…
1.
escape from or avoid (a danger, enemy, or pursuer), typically in a skilful or cunning way.
“he eluded security by sneaking thru back door”
Similar:
duck
shake off
give the slip to
slip away from
throw off the scent
slip through someone’s fingers
slip through the net
circumvent
bilk
2.
(achievement/sth desired) fail to attained by (smne).
“sleep still eluded her”
13
Q
cataclysm…
a large-scale and violent event in the natural world.
“the cataclysm at the end of the Cretaceous Period”
a sudden violent political or social upheaval.
“the cataclysm of the First World War”
A
credence…
1.
belief in or acceptance of something as true.
“psychoanalysis finds little credence among laymen”
Similar:
traction
2.
a small side table, shelf, or niche in a church for holding elements of Eucharist before they are consecrated.
“a credence table”
14
Q
consecrated…
(of a church or land) been made or declared sacred.
“a Christian burial in consecrated ground”
(of bread and wine in Christian belief) declared to be or represent the body and blood of Christ.
“they received host but not the consecrated wine”
A
oblation…
a thing presented or offered to God or a god.
15
Q
kernel…
1.
a softer, usually edible part of a nut, seed, or fruit stone contained within its shell.
“the kernel of a walnut”
2.
the central or most important part of something.
“this is the kernel of the argument”
A
paean…
a song of praise or triumph.
“a paean of praise for the great poets”
a creative work expressing enthusiastic praise.
“he’s created a filmic paean to his hero”
16
Q
culpability…
responsibility for a fault or wrong; blame.
“a level of moral culpability”
A
pantheon…
1.
a group of particularly respected, famous, or imp ppl
“the pantheon of the all-time greats”
2.
all the gods of a people or religion collectively.
“the deities of the Hindu pantheon”
17
Q
subservient…
prepared to obey others unquestioningly.
“she was subservient to her parents”
Similar:
acquiescent
duteous
docile
ductile
pliant
servile
slavish
grovelling
truckling
self-effacing
self-abasing
snivelling
cowering
longanimous
Opposite:
domineering
less important; subordinate.
“he expected her career to be subservient to his”
Similar:
ancillary
auxiliary
serving as a means to an end.
“the whole narration is subservient to the moral plan of exemplifying twelve virtues in twelve knights”
A
burgeoning…
beginning to grow or increase rapidly; flourishing.
“manufacturers are keen to cash in on the burgeoning demand”
18
Q
explicit…
stated clearly and in detail, leaving no room for confusion or doubt.
“the arrangement had not been made explicit”
A
liturgy
1.
form or formulary acc to which public religious worship, especially Christian worship, is conducted.
“the Church of England liturgy”
19
Q
implicit…
1.
suggested though not directly expressed.
“comments seen as implicit criticism of the policies”
2.
always to be found in; essentially connected with.
“the values implicit in the school ethos”
A
illicit…
forbidden by law, rules, or custom.
“illicit drugs”
20
Q
elicit…
evoke/draw out (reaction, answer, fact) from smne
“I tried to elicit a smile from Joanna”
A
complicit…
involved w others in activity i.e. unlawful/morally wrong
“careers of those complicit in cover-up were blighted
21
Q
Resurge=come back from a low point to rise again. Old fads can resurge, as can old romances.
A
Resurrection or anastasis is concept of coming back to life after death. In a no. of religions, a dying-and-rising god is a deity which dies and is resurrected.
22
Q
A
ordain…
1.
make (smne) priest/minister; confer holy orders on.
“he was ordained a minister before entering Parliament”
Similar:
induct
anoint
consecrate
2.
order (something) officially.
“equal punishment was ordained for the two crimes”
23
Q
tenuous…
very weak or slight.
“the tenuous link between interest rates and investment”
very slender or fine; insubstantial.
“a tenuous cloud”
A
tenacious…
tending to keep a firm hold of something; clinging or adhering closely.
“a tenacious grip”
Similar:
glutinous
viscid
mucilaginous
claggy
clarty
not readily relinquishing a position, principle, or course of action; determined.
“this tenacious defence of local liberties”
persisting in existence; not easily dispelled.
“a tenacious local legend”
24
Q
inordinately…
to unusually/disproportionately large degree; excessively.
“information was inordinately vetted and censored”
A
debilitating…
(of a disease or condition) making someone very weak and infirm.
“debilitating back pain”
tending to weaken something.
“the debilitating effects of underinvestment”
25
intrinsic...
belonging naturally; essential.
"access to the arts is intrinsic to a high quality of life"
extrinsic...
1.
not part of the essential nature of someone or something; coming or operating from outside.
"complex interplay of extrinsic and intrinsic factors"
26
extraneous
adjective
1.
irrelevant/unrelated to the subject being dealt with.
"one is obliged to wade through many pages of extraneous material"
2.
of external origin.
"when the transmitter pack is turned off no extraneous noise is heard"
pertinent...
relevant/applicable to a particular matter; apposite.
"she asked me a lot of very pertinent questions"
27
apposite...
apt in the circumstances or in relation to something.
"an apposite quotation"
influx...
1.
arrival or entry of large numbers of people or things.
"a massive influx of tourists"
2.
an inflow of water into a river, lake, or the sea.
"the lakes are fed by influxes of meltwater"
28
coherence...
1.
the quality of being logical and consistent.
"raises further ques on coherence of state policy"
2.
the quality of forming a unified whole.
"grp lose coherence & artists took diff directions"
disenfranchise...
deprive (someone) of the right to vote.
"the law disenfranchised some 3,000 voters on the basis of a residence qualification"
deprive (someone) of a right or privilege.
"we strongly oppose any measure which would disenfranchise people from access to legal advice"
deprive (someone) of the rights and privileges of a free inhabitant of a borough, city, or country.
29
supplant...
supersede and replace.
"domestic production has been supplanted by imports and jobs have been lost"
supersede...
take the place of (a person or thing previously in authority or use); supplant.
"older models of car have now been superseded"
30
effectuate...
put into force or operation.
"this would effectuate a substantive change to bankruptcy law"
depraved...
morally corrupt; wicked.
"he was a depraved lecher"
31
comatose...
relating to or in a state of coma.
"she had been comatose for seven months"
Similar:
insentient
insensate
soporose
soporous
extremely lethargic or sleepy.
"she lay comatose in the sun listening to a personal stereo"
dither...
1.
be indecisive.
"I can't bear people who dither"
32
bulwark...
1.
a defensive wall.
Similar:
palisade
berm
vallum
circumvallation
2.
an extension of ship's sides above level of the deck.
"the ships met, their crews lining the bulwarks"
buoy...
1.
keep (someone or something) afloat.
"creatures swim, buoyed up and cooled by water"
2.
mark with a buoy.
"the wreck is often buoyed during summer months"
33
preclude...
prevent from happening; make impossible.
"secret nature of work precluded official recognition
(of situation/condition) prevent smne from doing sth
"difficulties preclude him from leading a normal life"
sacrosanct...
(especially of a principle, place, or routine) regarded as too important or valuable to be interfered with.
"the individual's right to work has been upheld as sacrosanct"
34
allay...
diminish or put at rest (fear, suspicion, or worry).
"report attempted to educate public and allay fears"
relieve or alleviate (pain or hunger).
"some stale figs partly allayed our hunger"
obliterate...
destroy utterly; wipe out.
"memory was painful; he obliterated it from mind"
make invisible or indistinct; conceal or cover.
"clouds were darkening, obliterating the sun"
cancel (sth, esp postage stamp) prevent further use.
"special stamp should be placed on left-hand side and not be used to obliterate the postage stamp"
35
precarious...
not securely held or in position; dangerously likely to fall or collapse.
"a precarious ladder"
dependent on chance; uncertain.
"he made a precarious living as a painter"
vie
compete eagerly w smne to do or achieve sth
"athletes were vying for a place in the British team"
36
severance...
1.
the action of ending a connection or relationship.
"severance and disestablishment of Irish Church"
2.
division by cutting or slicing.
redundant...
not or no longer needed or useful; superfluous.
"many of the old skills had become redundant"
37
commensurate...
corresponding in size or degree; in proportion.
gauge...
1.
instrument that measures and gives a visual display of the amount, level, or contents of something.
"a fuel gauge"
38
perusal...
the action of reading or examining something.
"I continued my perusal of the instructions"
audacious...
1.
showing a willingness to take surprisingly bold risks.
"a series of audacious takeovers"
2.
showing an impudent lack of respect.
"he made an audacious remark"
39
accrue...
(of benefit or sum of money) be received by smne in regular or increasing amounts over time.
"financial benefits will accrue from restructuring"
make provision for (a charge) at the end of a financial period for work that has been done but not yet invoiced.
"at 31 December the amount due for the final quarter is accrued"
accumulate/receive (payments/benefits) over time.
"they accrue entitlements to holiday pay"
nebulous...
1.
in the form of a cloud or haze; hazy.
"a giant nebulous glow"
2.
(of a concept) vague or ill-defined.
"nebulous concepts like quality of life"
40
reverberation...
1.
prolongation of a sound; resonance.
"electronic effects have been added, such as echo and reverberation"
2.
a continuing effect; a repercussion.
"attack has had reverberations around the world"
unbridled...
uncontrolled; unconstrained.
"a moment of unbridled ambition"
41
pantheon...
1.
grp of respected, famous, or important people.
"the pantheon of the all-time greats"
2.
all the gods of a people or religion collectively.
"the deities of the Hindu pantheon"
diaspora...
dispersion/spread of people from original homeland
"the diaspora of boat people from Asia"
people who have spread/dispersed from homeland.
"Latin American diaspora has spread across the US
the dispersion of the Jewish people beyond Israel.
"a secular interpretation of Jewish history in antiquity and during the Diaspora"
42
revamp...
give new and improved form, structure, or appearance to.
"an attempt to revamp the museum's image"
douse...
1.
pour a liquid over; drench.
"he doused the car with petrol and set it on fire"
2.
extinguish (a fire or light).
"stewards appeared and the fire was doused"
43
markedly short and abrupt. a brusque reply. blunt in manner or speech often to the point of ungracious harshness. was brusque with customers
piecemeal...
characterized by unsystematic partial measures taken over a period of time.
"village is slowly being killed off by piecemeal dev
44
pliable...
1.
easily bent; flexible.
"quality leather is pliable and will not crack"
2.
easily influenced.
"pliable teenage minds"
45
locus....
1.
a particular position or place where something occurs or is situated.
"it is impossible to specify the exact locus in the brain of these neural events"
uncharted...
(of an area of land or sea) not mapped or surveyed.
"the plane landed on a previously uncharted islet"
46
benefactor...
person who gives money/other help to person,cause
"a low-interest loan from a benefactor allowed them to build a floor for the exhibition hall"
posit...
1.
put forward as fact or as a basis for argument.
"Confucian view posits a perfectible human nature"
aka.....propound
2.
put in position; place.
"Professor posits Cohen in his 2nd category of poets
47
fraught...
1.
(of a situation or course of action) filled with or likely to result in (something undesirable).
"marketing any new product is fraught with danger"
2.
causing or affected by anxiety or stress.
"there was a fraught silence"
vet....
make careful/critical examination of (something).
"proposals for vetting large takeover bids"
48
rife...
sth undesirable) of common occurrence; widespread
"male chauvinism was rife in medicine"
Similar:
endemic
insidious
immanent
suffusive
permeant
in an unchecked or widespread manner.
"speculation ran rife that he was an arms dealer"
concerted...
1.
jointly arranged or carried out; coordinated.
"a concerted attempt to preserve religious unity"
Similar:
synergetic
2.
(of music) arranged in several parts of equal imp
"concerted secular music for voices"
49
concede...
1.
admit or agree that something is true after first denying or resisting it.
"I had to concede that I'd overreacted"
2.
surrender or yield (a possession, right, or privilege).
"in 475 emperor conceded the Auvergne to Euric"
accede...
1.
agree to a demand, request, or treaty.
"authorities did not accede to the strikers' demands"
2.
assume an office or position.
"Elizabeth I acceded to the throne in 1558"
50
overweening...
showing excessive confidence or pride.
"overweening ambition"
perverse...
1.
showing a deliberate and obstinate desire to behave in a way that is unreasonable or unacceptable.
Kate's perverse decision not to cooperate held good
Similar:
obstreperous
recalcitrant
refractory
capricious
obstinate
obdurate
pertinacious
intractable
intransigent
thrawn
bolshie
stroppy
balky
froward
contumacious
2.
contrary to accepted/expected standard or practice.
in 2 general elections the outcome was perverse
51
pervasive...
(of an unwelcome influence or physical effect) spreading widely thru-out area or a group of people
"ageism is pervasive and entrenched in our society
nascent...
(of a process or org) just coming into existence and beginning to display signs of future potential.
"the nascent space industry"
52
dissemination...
action/fact of spreading something, esp info, widely.
"the dissemination of public information"
obdurate...
stubbornly refusing to change one's opinion or course of action.
"I argued this point with him, but he was obdurate"
53
shepherd....guide or direct in a particular direction.
"I shepherded them through the door"
proselytize...
convert or attempt to convert (someone) from one religion, belief, or opinion to another.
"programme had tremendous evangelical effect, proselytizing many"
aka evangelize...
advocate or promote (a belief or course of action).
Davis to share concept and proselytize ideas"
54
macabre...
disturbing 'coz concerned w/causing a fear of death.
"a macabre series of murders"
zeitgeist...
defining spirit or mood of a particular period of history as shown by ideas and beliefs of the time.
"the story captured the zeitgeist of the late 1960s"
55
“In politics, radicals in a political group are referred to as leftists. Socialists and communists are considered leftists. In the French National Assembly of 1789, the reactionaries sat on the right, the moderates in the middle and extremists on the left and this seems to be the origin of the terms.”
as likely as not’.”
“It means ‘with equal chances of happening or not happening’.
56
cannot have one’s cake and eat it’ or ‘cannot eat one’s cake and have it’. It means that you cannot enjoy ‘both alternatives’. When you eat the cake, you cannot expect to retain it. You can’t eat it and also keep it. You cannot spend your money and yet keep it. You cannot eat the cake and have it.
She wants to go to America but doesn’t want to leave her parents in Madras. She can’t eat the cake and have it.”
57
Conglomeration’ = ‘no. of things or parts stuck together in a mass.’ ‘Conglomeration’ is a heterogeneous mixture, a mixture of things of different kinds.
recidivate: go back to bad behaviour
sometimes those who come out of jail receive no support so they have no choice but to recidivate
58
“Walking on eggshells is an idiom mostly used in informal contexts. When you walk on eggshells, you are being extra careful about what you say and how you behave. You do this because…”
“You probably do this because you don’t want to upset the person you’re talking to. The individual probably has a bad temper.”
“Or it could be the person is very sensitive, and therefore gets upset easily. As a result, you try to be as diplomatic as possible. Here’s an example. I always feel that I’m walking on eggshells when I’m around my new boss.”
“My uncle is very short tempered. So, whenever he visits us, all of us at home are walking on eggshells.”
roil: be agitated, make turbid by stirring up the sediments of
a fierce storm roiled the sea
59
aplomb....self-confidence or assurance, especially when in a demanding situation.
"Diana passed the test with aplomb"
contingent...
1.
subject to chance.
"the contingent nature of the job"
2.
occurring or existing only if (certain circumstances) are the case; dependent on.
"his fees were contingent on the success of his search"
...group of people sharing a common feature, forming part of a larger group.
contingent of Japanese businessmen attending a conference
60
bandwagon
noun
1.
used in reference to activity, cause, etc. i.e. currently fashionable/popular &attracting increasing support.
"environmental bandwagon feeling mighty crowded"
2.
(especially formerly) a wagon used for carrying a band in a parade or procession.
"the colourful bandwagon was later purchased for use in circus parades"
hegemony...
leadership or dominance, especially by one state or social group over others.
"Germany was united under Prussian hegemony after 1871"
61
cynical...
1.
believing people are motivated purely by self-interest; distrustful of human sincerity or integrity.
"he was brutally cynical and hardened to every sob story under the sun"
2.
concerned only one's own interests &disregarding accepted standards in order to achieve them.
"a cynical manipulation of public opinion"
attest...
1.
provide or serve as clear evidence of.
"his status is attested by his becoming an alderman"
2.
enrol as ready for military service.
"unfortunately for him, he attested"
62
resound...
1.
(of a sound, voice, etc.) fill or echo thr-out a place.
"another scream resounded through the school"
2.
sing (the praises) of.
"Horace resounds the praises of Italy"
tenet...
a principle or belief, especially one of the main principles of a religion or philosophy.
"the tenets of a democratic society"
63
theocratic...
relating to or denoting a system of government in which priests rule in the name of God or a god.
"a theocratic state"
restitution...
1.
restoration of sth lost or stolen to its proper owner.
"the ANC had demanded the restitution of land seized from black people"
2.
recompense for injury or loss.
"he was ordered to pay £6,000 in restitution"
64
mercenary...
primarily concerned with making money at the expense of ethics.
"crime was committed out of mercenary motives"
aka altruistic......
professional soldier hired to serve in a foreign army.
"he had planned to seize power with the aid of a group of mercenaries"
notorious... well-known for some bad or unfavourable quality, deed, etc; infamous
65
ilk...
type of person/thing similar to one already referred to
"the veiled suggestions that reporters of his ilk seem to be so good at"
denounce...
publicly declare to be wrong or evil.
"the Assembly denounced the use of violence"
Similar:
reprobate
vituperate
excoriate
arraign
objurgate
asperse
anathematize
inform against.
"priests denounced him to the King for heresy"
66
nuance...
subtle diff in/shade of meaning, expression, sound
"he was familiar w nuances of the local dialect"
regressive...
1.
returning to a former or less developed state; characterized by regression.
"regressive aspects of recent local govt reform"
2.
(of a tax) taking a proportionally greater amount from those on lower incomes.
"indirect taxes are, as a group, regressive"
67
affront...
an action or remark that causes outrage or offence.
"he took his son's desertion as a personal affront"
Similar:
snub
aspersion
desecration
slap in the face
kick in the teeth
offend the modesty or values of.
"she was affronted by his familiarity"
pious...
1.
devoutly religious.
"a deeply pious woman"
2.
(of a hope) sincere but unlikely to be fulfilled.
68
patently...
clearly; without doubt.
"these claims were patently false"
conducive...
making certain situation/outcome likely or possible.
"the harsh lights and cameras were hardly conducive to a relaxed atmosphere"
69
derelict...
1.
in very poor condition as result of disuse & neglect.
"a derelict Georgian mansion"
profanity...
blasphemous or obscene language.
"an outburst of profanity"
70
proviso...
a condition or qualification attached to an agreement or statement.
"he let his house with the proviso that his own staff should remain to run it"
siphon...
draw off or convey (liquid) by means of a siphon.
"a piece of tubing was used to siphon petrol"
draw off/transfer over a period of time, esp illegally or unfairly.
"he's been siphoning money off the firm"
71
exonerate...
1.
(of an official body) absolve (someone) from blame for a fault or wrongdoing.
"an inquiry exonerated those involved"
2.
release someone from (a duty or obligation).
"Pope Clement V exonerated the king from his oath to the barons"
absolve...
declare (smne) free from guilt, obligation, punishment
"the pardon absolved them of any crimes"
72
lexicon...
vocab of person, language, or branch of knowledge.
"the size of the English lexicon"
berate...
scold or criticize (someone) angrily.
"she berated herself for being fickle"
73
protégé...
a person who is guided and supported by an older and more experienced or influential person.
"Ruskin submitted his protégé's name for election"
penchant...
strong/habitual liking for sth or tendency to do sth.
"he has a penchant for adopting stray dogs"
74
littoral...
relating to/situated on the shore of the sea or a lake.
"the littoral states of the Indian Ocean"
sporadic...
occurring at irregular intervals or only in a few places; scattered or isolated.
"sporadic fighting broke out"
75
evasive...
tending to avoid commitment or self-revelation, especially by responding only indirectly.
"she was evasive about her phone number"
Similar:
prevaricating
gnomic
Delphic
circumlocutory
circuitous
periphrastic
directed towards avoidance or escape.
"they decided to take evasive action"
prevarication. deliberate act of deviating from truth. synonyms: fabrication, lying. types: fibbing, paltering. trivial act of lying or being deliberately unclear.
76
advertent : giving attention : heedful. Eg: Marcia listened to everything I said with an advertent expression on her face, and then proceeded to tell me, point by point, why she disagreed with me.
mull...
think about (a fact, proposal, or request) deeply and at length.
"she began to mull over the various possibilities"
77
unassailable...
unable to be attacked, questioned, or defeated.
"an unassailable lead"
nonpareil...
having no match or equal; unrivalled.
"he is a nonpareil storyteller"
78
readmit...
admit (someone) to a place or organization again.
"they were readmitted to hospital"
foray...
a sudden attack or incursion into enemy territory, especially to obtain something; a raid.
"the garrison made a foray against Richard's camp"
79
rapprochement...
(especially in international affairs) an establishment or resumption of harmonious relations.
"there were signs of a growing rapprochement between the two countries"
lurch...
make an abrupt, unsteady, uncontrolled movement or series of movements; stagger.
"the car lurched forward"
80
acquiescence...
reluctant acceptance of something without protest.
"in silent acquiescence, she rose to her feet"
thrust...
push suddenly or violently in a specified direction.
"she thrust her hands into her pockets"
81
opprobrium...
harsh criticism or censure.
"the critical opprobrium generated by his films"
pragmatic...
dealing w things sensibly and realistically in a way that is based on practical rather than theoretical considerations.
"a pragmatic approach to business ethics"
82
crusade...
1.
each of a series of medieval military expeditions made by Europeans to the Holy Land in the 11th, 12th, and 13th centuries.
"the fanaticism engendered by the Crusades"
2.
vigorous campaign for political, social, religious change
"a crusade against crime"
embroil...
involve (someone) deeply in an argument, conflict, or difficult situation.
"she became embroiled in a dispute between two women she hardly knew"
83
conflate...
combine (two or more sets of information, texts, ideas, etc.) into one.
"the urban crisis conflates a number of different economic, political, and social issues"
stifle...
1.
make (smne) unable to breathe properly; suffocate.
"those in the streets were stifled by the fumes"
Similar:
asphyxiate
smother
sweltering
2.
restrain (a reaction) or stop oneself acting on (an emotion).
"she stifled a giggle"
84
amenable...
open and responsive to suggestion; easily persuaded or controlled.
"parents who have amenable children"
capable of being acted upon in a particular way; susceptible.
"cardiac failure not amenable to medical treatment"
cogent...
(of argument or case) clear, logical, and convincing.
"they put forward cogent arguments for British membership"
85
animosity...
strong hostility.
"he no longer felt any animosity towards her"
commodious...
1.
FORMAL
roomy and comfortable.
"they moved to a more commodious dwelling"
86
concomitant...
naturally accompanying or associated.
"she loved travel, with all its concomitant worries"
modus operandi...
a particular way or method of doing something.
"every killer has his own special modus operandi"
87
gospel...
1.
the teaching or revelation of Christ.
"it is the Church's mission to preach the gospel"
deplorable...
deserving strong condemnation; completely unacceptable.
"children living in deplorable conditions"
Similar:
reprehensible
abominable
execrable
odious
shockingly bad in quality.
"her spelling was deplorable"
88
lob...throw or hit (a ball or missile) in a high arc.
"he lobbed the ball over their heads"
direct (an insult, remark, or question) at someone.
"the two New Yorkers have traded barbs and lobbed personal insults at one another"
wry...
1.
using or expressing dry, especially mocking, humour.
"a wry smile"
Similar:
sardonic
droll
sarky
2.
(of a person's face or features) twisted into an expression of disgust, disappointment, or annoyance.
89
patronize...
1.
treat in a way that is apparently kind or helpful but that betrays a feeling of superiority.
"she was determined not to be put down or patronized"
Similar:
treat condescendingly
treat with condescension
treat with disdain
be snobbish to
look down one's nose at
condescending
supercilious
lordly
magisterial
disdainful
uppity
snooty
2.
frequent (a shop, restaurant, or other establishment) as a customer.
"restaurants and bars regularly patronized by the stars were often crowded with paparazzi"
dally...
1.
act or move slowly.
"she'd dallied upstairs long enough to put on a little make-up"
90
liaison...
1.
communication or cooperation which facilitates a close working relationship between people or orgs.
head porter works in close liaison with reception office
a person who acts as a link to assist communication or cooperation between people.
"he's our liaison with a number of interested parties"
austerity...
1.
sternness or severity of manner or attitude.
"he was noted for his austerity and his authoritarianism"
2.
difficult economic conditions created by government measures to reduce public expenditure.
"the country was subjected to acute economic austerity"
91
sombre...
1.
dark or dull in colour or tone.
"the night skies were sombre and starless"
2.
having or conveying a feeling of deep seriousness and sadness.
"he looked at her with a sombre expression"
dilate...
make or become wider, larger, or more open.
"her eyes dilated with horror"
92
lacuna...
1.
an unfilled space; a gap.
"the journal has filled a lacuna in Middle Eastern studies"
ramification...
complex/unwelcome consequence of action or event
"any change is bound to have legal ramifications"
a subdivision of a complex structure or process.
"an extended family with its ramifications of neighbouring in-laws"
93
lacuna...
1.
an unfilled space; a gap.
"the journal has filled a lacuna in Middle Eastern studies"
ramification...
complex/unwelcome consequence of action or event
"any change is bound to have legal ramifications"
a subdivision of a complex structure or process.
"an extended family with its ramifications of neighbouring in-laws"
94
lacuna...
1.
an unfilled space; a gap.
"the journal has filled a lacuna in Middle Eastern studies"
ramification...
complex/unwelcome consequence of action or event
"any change is bound to have legal ramifications"
a subdivision of a complex structure or process.
"an extended family with its ramifications of neighbouring in-laws"
95
schism...
a split or division between strongly opposed sections or parties, caused by differences in opinion or belief.
"widening schism b/w Church leaders and politicians
revelry...
lively and noisy festivities, especially when these involve drinking a large amount of alcohol.
"sounds of revelry issued into the night"
96
pummel...
strike repeatedly with the fists.
"he felt like a boxer who had been pummelled mercilessly against the ropes"
Similar:
belabour
clobber
smite
swinge
criticize severely.
"he has been pummelled by the reviewers"
abeyance...
a state of temporary disuse or suspension.
"matters held in abeyance pending further enquiries
position of w/o or of waiting for, owner or claimant
97
Abetment is constituted by abetting a person to commit a crime or an offence and engaging in a conspiracy or intentionally including a person to commit a crime. It can also mean aiding a person while he/she is committing the crime
benign...
1.
gentle and kindly.
"his benign but firm manner"
2.
(of a disease) not harmful in effect.
"a benign condition"
98
supersede...
take the place of (a person or thing previously in authority or use); supplant.
"older models of car have now been superseded"
rattle...
make (someone) nervous, worried, or irritated.
"she turned quickly, rattled by his presence"
99
anathema...
1.
sth or someone that one vehemently dislikes.
"racial hatred was anathema to her"
vehemently...
in a forceful, passionate, or intense manner; with great feeling.
"he vehemently denied any suggestion of improper conduct"
100
colloquium...
an academic conference or seminar.
liken...
point out resemblance of someone or something to.
"racism is likened to a contagious disease"
101
exchequer...
a royal or national treasury.
"an imp source of revenue to the sultan's exchequer
onus...
something that is one's duty or responsibility.
"onus is on you to show that you have suffered loss"
102
If you are learning the ropes, you are learning how a particular job or task is done.
At a day; at the day
AD DIEM
103
corpus...
1.
collection of written texts, esp entire works of a particular author/body of writing on particular subject
"the Darwinian corpus"
'multipronged'
1. having several prongs. 2. (of an attack, assault, strategy, etc) taking place at several points simultaneously.
prong...
pierce or stab with a fork.
"he passed his fork to right hand to prong the meat"
104
vigilante...
a member of a self-appointed group of citizens who undertake law enforcement in their community without legal authority, typically because the legal agencies are thought to be inadequate.
If person goes over piece of writing w blue pencil, they remove or change some of words to improve it or make it acceptable. Editing & compiling.
105
not within the range of what someone knows or understands.
Beyond someone's ken
to run into difficulties or experience problems
'hit rough weather'.
to run into difficulties or experience problems.
106
while away. : to spend (time) doing sth pleasant and easy. We whiled away the afternoon with a walk around the garden.
Down refers to a train travelling away from its headquarters or from its Divisional headquarters, whichever is closer. Up refers to a train travelling towards its headquarters or divisional HQ, whichever is closer.
107
black box...
a flight recorder in an aircraft.
"the aircraft's black box and voice recorder were found by rescue workers"
a complex system or device whose internal workings are hidden or not readily understood.
"the deep learning black box will have to become more transparent"
breathe down someone's neck...
follow closely behind someone.
"three wins would have seen us breathing down the neck of United at the top of the table"
constantly check up on someone.
"she's quite capable of looking after herself without her parents breathing down her neck all the time"
108
revisionist...
a supporter of a policy of revision or modification.
"revisionists who sought to replace it were denied"
advocating a policy of revision or modification.
"in 1st phase of Progressive reform, revisionist agenda focused on populist political legislation"
culturati...
well-educated people who appreciate the arts.
"the yuppies and the culturati get fashionable shows that suck up to them"
109
xenophobia...
dislike/prejudice against people==other countries
"the resurgence of racism and xenophobia"
intersectionality...interconnected nature of social categorisations such as race, class, and gender, regarded as creating overlapping and interdependent systems of discrimination or disadv
110
heft...
lift or carry (something heavy).
"he lifted crates and hefted boxes"
Abolitionism, or abolitionist movement, is movement to end slavery. In Western Europe and the Americas, abolitionism was a historic movement that sought to end Atlantic slave trade and liberate enslaved people, which eventually spread to eradicate slavery from world.
111
case in point...
instance/eg that illustrates what is being discussed
"green revolution is good case in point"
angry
to be certain to produce an angry or violent reaction: Don't tell him you're a vegetarian - it's like a red rag to a bull. Causing feelings of anger and displeasure.
112
to increase in strength, force, or energy. The campaign quickly gained/gathered steam.
ante...
a stake put up by a player in poker or brag before receiving cards.
"the antes were at the $10,000–$20,000 level"
verb
put up an amount as an ante in poker or brag and similar games.
113
inter alia...
among other things.
"the study includes, inter alia, computers, aircraft, and pharmaceuticals"
asphalt, black or brown petroleum-like material that has a consistency varying from viscous liquid to glassy solid. It is obtained either as a residue from the distillation of petroleum or from natural deposits. Asphalt consists of compounds of hydrogen and carbon with minor proportions of nitrogen, sulfur, and oxygen.
114
scamper...
(especially of a small animal or child) run with quick light steps, especially through fear or excitement.
"he scampered in like an overgrown puppy"
propensity...
inclination/natural tendency to behave in particular way
"his propensity for violence"
115
spasmodic...
1.
occurring or done in brief, irregular bursts.
"spasmodic fighting continued"
seraphic...
characteristic of or resembling a seraph or seraphim; angelic.
"a seraphic smile"
116
hegemony...
leadership or dominance, especially by one state or social group over others.
Germany united under Prussian hegemony after 1871
reify...
make (something abstract) more concrete or real.
"these instincts are, in man, reified as verbal constructs"
117
elide...
1.
omit (a sound or syllable) when speaking.
"English speakers often elide the vowel completely"
2.
join together; merge.
"whole periods of time are elided into a few seconds of screen time"
circumspect...
wary and unwilling to take risks.
"officials were very circumspect in their statements"
118
circumlocutory...
using many words where fewer would do, in a attempt to be vague or evasive; long-winded.
"he has a meandering, circumlocutory speaking style"
interlocutory...
1.
LAW
(of a decree or judgement) given provisionally during the course of a legal action.
"an interlocutory injunction"
2.
RARE
relating to dialogue.
119
affliction...
a cause of pain or harm.
"a crippling affliction of the nervous system"
similar:
scourge
the state of being in pain.
"poor people in great affliction"
Amnesia refers to the loss of memories, including facts, information and experiences.
120
laceration...
a deep cut or tear in skin or flesh.
"he suffered lacerations to his head and face"
Similar:
mangling
mutilation
incision
abrasion
lesion
the action of criticizing someone severely.
"Douglas was then forced to listen to Wild's laceration of him"
spurred...
(of a rider or their boots) having a spiked device on the heels for urging a horse forward.
"two young men appeared booted and spurred"
(especially of the legs of a game bird) having a horny spike or pointed growth, used in fighting.
"a lone gamecock stood propped on stiff spurred legs by one corner"
121
indictment...
1.
a formal charge or accusation of a serious crime.
"an indictment for conspiracy"
2.
a thing that serves to illustrate that a system or situation is bad and deserves to be condemned.
"these rapidly escalating crime figures are an indictment of our society"
prerogative...
a right or privilege exclusive to a particular individual or class.
"in some countries, higher education is predominantly the prerogative of the rich"
122
subvert...
undermine the power and authority of (an established system or institution).
"case involved an attempt to subvert the rule of law"
sublimate
1.
(in psychoanalytic theory) divert or modify (an instinctual impulse) into a culturally higher or socially more acceptable activity.
"libido must be sublimated into productive work activities"
123
fawn...
(of a person) give a servile display of exaggerated flattery or affection, typically in order to gain favour.
"they try to ingratiate themselves by fawning over the boss"
ingratiate...
bring oneself into favour with someone by flattering or trying to please them.
"a sycophantic attempt to ingratiate herself with the local aristocracy"
124
olive branch...
an offer of reconciliation.
"govt is holding out olive branch to demonstrators"
catch-22...
a dilemma or difficult circumstance from which there is no escape because of mutually conflicting or dependent conditions.
"a catch-22 situation"
125
catch-all...
a term or category that encompasses a variety of different elements.
"the stigmatizing catch-all term ‘schizophrenia’"
tokenism...
practice of making only a perfunctory or symbolic effort to do a particular thing, esp by recruiting a small number of people from under-represented groups in order to give the appearance of sexual or racial equality within a workforce.
"the use of gay supporting characters is mere tokenism"
126
perfunctory...
(of an action) carried out without real interest, feeling, or effort.
"he gave a perfunctory nod"
sectarian...
denoting or concerning a sect or sects.
"the city's traditional sectarian divide"
127
strife...
angry or bitter disagreement over fundamental issues; conflict.
"strife within the community"
high handed: having or showing no regard for the rights, concerns, or feelings of others : arbitrary, overbearing.
128
shanghai...
force (smne) to join a ship lacking a full crew by drugging them or using other underhand means.
"they specialized in drugging and robbing sailors, sometimes arranging for them to be shanghaied aboard tramp boats"
coerce or trick (smne) into a place or position or into doing sth.
"Brady shanghaied her into his Jaguar and roared off"
jihad...
a struggle or fight against the enemies of Islam.
"he declared a jihad against the infidels"
the spiritual struggle within oneself against sin.
129
School of Hard Knocks’ means ‘School of Adversity’, ‘School of Suffering’. ‘He received training at the School of Hard Knocks’ means he suffered a great deal.”
Malapropism’ =‘ludicrous misuse of word, esp in mistake for one resembling it’. ‘Spoonerism’ = accidental or deliberate transposition of initial letters etc. of two or more words’. When a person uses a word that somewhat resembles word he/she wants to use and effect is rather amusing, result is a malapropism. ‘A nice derangement of epitaphs’ for ‘a nice arrangement of epithets’. ‘He is a progeny of learning’ for ‘He is a prodigy of learning’. ‘As headstrong as allegory on banks of Nile’ for ‘As headstrong as alligator on banks of Nile’.
130
chide...censure severely or angrily
her mother chided her for not sharing her toys w other children
131
ludicrous...
very silly; ridiculous.
censure...
to tell somebody, in a strong and formal way, that he/she has done something wrong.
attorney was censured for not revealing info earlier
132
Panjandrum’ = name applied humorously to a powerful personage/pompous official.’ Grand Panjandrum is title of imaginary personage in some nonsense lines written by Samuel Foote, English actor and dramatist of the 18th century
133
straddle...
1.
(used about a person) to sit or stand with your legs on each side of somebody/something.
(used about a building, bridge, etc.) to cross, or exist on both sides of, a river, a road or an area of land.
134
moratorium...
a temporary prohibition of an activity.
"a moratorium on the use of drift nets"
Similar:
embargo
hiatus
LAW
legal authorization to debtors to postpone payment.
"debt was to be subject to a five-year moratorium"
135
macabre...
disturbing 'coz concerned w or causing fear of death
"a macabre series of murders"
136
proliferation...
rapid increase in number or amount of something.
"a continuing threat of nuclear proliferation"
rapid reproduction of a cell, part, or organism.
"we attempted to measure cell proliferation"
a large number of something.
"stress levels are high, forcing upon them a proliferation of ailments"
tepid...
1.
(especially of a liquid) only slightly warm; lukewarm.
"she soaked a flannel in the tepid water"
2.
showing little enthusiasm.
"the applause was tepid"
137
Expunction’ is the noun form of ‘expunge’. ‘Expunge’ means ‘to delete’, ‘cancel’.
His remarks relating to the Prime Minister were expunged.
The expunction of the remarks of the MP created a commotion in Parliament.”
138
Find her feet!mean getting used to a new situation?”
I moved to Hyderabad recently after having lived in Chennai for nearly 25 years. I’m still finding my feet.
139
feckless....generally incompetent and ineffectual....not fit to assume responsibility
i was watching his feckless attempts to repair the plumbing
140
When sailor ‘jumps ship’, he gets off vessel w/o getting reqd permission from person in charge. He leaves with no intention of returning.
expression begun to be used in everyday contexts as well. When people realise that company they are working for is in trouble, what do they do? Many quit and join another firm. This act of abandoning old company because of difficult situation it is in is called ‘jumping ship’.
person who behaves in a clumsy or rough way when he is expected to behave gently and skilfully is referred to as a bull in a china shop.
141
A person who resembles his father in character is called ‘a chip off the old block’.
‘Big gun’ is used colloquially for ‘an important or powerful person’.
142
comely girl is an attractive girl. ‘Comely’ is an old-fashioned word. It is not used these days except occasionally in poetry. ‘Homely’, when applied to things, means ‘plain, simple’. When something is homely, it is simple and plain.
It was a homely meal.
When applied to people, it means ‘unattractive’, ‘ugly’ in American English.
She is a homely girl.
143
“To haul someone over the coals means to rebuke someone very strongly.
“A revisionist is a communist who is inclined to interpret Marxism according to changing national needs. He doesn’t strictly adhere to the views of Marx. He is rather flexible in his interpretation. The word ‘revisionism’ was used for the first time by Edward Bernstein in the 19th century. He propounded a policy advocating the introduction of socialism through ‘evolution rather than revolution, in opposition to the orthodox view of Marxists’. The word ‘revisionist’ does not have a good connotation. A revisionist is considered a reactionary by orthodox communists.”
144
The boot is now on the other leg’.”
“It means that the situation has completely changed. When a situation has completely altered, you can say, ‘The boot is on the other leg’. You can also say, ‘The boot is on the other foot’.”
He got the boot’?”
“It means that he was dismissed, sacked, fired. ‘He gave him the boot’ means that he dismissed him.”
145
A dark horse is a racehorse ‘with unexpected or unknown capabilities’.
politics, ‘a dark horse’ is a person who is practically unknown but becomes successful in an election as a result of some compromise.”
146
A person who is excessively fond of his wife is said to be ‘uxorious’. ‘Uxor’ in Latin means ‘wife’.
Double entendre’ means ‘double meaning’. It is an expression with two meanings, one of which is generally indecent.
147
WREST
forcibly pull (something) from a person's grasp
"Leila tried to wrest her arm from his hold"
distort the meaning or interpretation of (something) to suit one's own interests or views.
"you appear convinced of my guilt, and wrest every reply I have made"
148
An enquiry is what you make when you need some information. ‘Enquire’ is a formal word for ‘ask.’ You make enquiries about something.
You must make enquiries about his whereabouts.
An inquiry means an investigation. A Court of Inquiry, for example. This distinction is maintained in British English. You can make an enquiry about an inquiry. You enquire about something but inquire into something. ‘Enquiry’ is used generally in the plural.
149
unctuous...unpleasantly and excessively suave or ingratiating in manner or speech
his unctuous conduct did not sit well w the manager
