Vocabulary on cuttings Flashcards
Heel cuttings
A cutting taken with the portion of the bark or mature wood at the base
Hard wood cuttings (deciduous)
Inexpensive. No mist system. Can be mechanized. Only a few will species will root from hardwood cuttings.
Begin by taking cuttings of thick healthy shoots. Cuttings are taken during Winter. Cuttings should be 8-12in long. Remove all leaves clinging to shoot.
Hard wood cuttings (evergreens)
4-8inch long cuttings. Needs a cold frame, some type of protection. Usually treated with auxin. Main way to propagate conifers.
Take cuttings dormant, mature stems, in late fall. When all leaves are dropped during early winter. Take cuttings from upright growing stems at center of shrub or evergreen. Cut just above leaf node.
Herbaceous cuttings
Soft current season’s growth. Softer non woody and woody plants. Anytime of the year it can be cut. 3-5 inches long. Greenhouse, mist, bottom heat (high value crops) many tropical/subtropical plants. May be treated with auxin but often not. Most well-drained medium is needed.
Leaf cuttings
The cutting of a leaf to propagate a plant. Usually leaf blade. Anytime of the year. Done under high humidity. Only specialized plants can do this such as Peperomia and Begonia.
Leaf-bud cuttings
Need to include bit of steam, single node containing one bud. Common for vines. Little bit of shade needed. No-mist. Blackberry and Clematis are examples.
Mallet cutting
a hardwood cutting of current season’s growth with a heel of the previous season’s growth or leaf-bud cutting.
Root cuttings
Taken in winter when the plant is dormant because this is when the root has the best storage reserves. This can be a big cutting 1-6 inches in length. With no leaves attached. Polarity is important here. Has to be a well-drained moist medium. Need to have both roots and shoots form in order to propagate. Examples are horseradish and lilac.
Semi-hardwood cuttings
Always taken in the fall. Broadleaf evergreen. Summer to early Fall. 3-6inch cuttings. Greenhouse, mist, bottom heat. Usually auxin treated. Holly or Magnolia.
Softwood cuttings
New current season’s growth. Later Spring to early Summer. Greenhouse and raised outdoor beds. Mist or fog is best. 3-5 inch cuttings. Most-well drained medium-more water here though than hardwood. Auxin treated. Shrubs and trees (honeysuckle, dogwood, and cherry)
Taken from woody plants when growth is still relatively soft and succulent before tissues have matured to become woody. Taken during Summer months while plants are still growing. Hardened enough to snap when bent.
Stenting
Rooting of cuttings and grafting at the same time. It is often necessary to propagate new rose bushes by grafting selected rose cultivars onto rose rootstocks. Seedling rootstocks of Rosa canina, a preferred variety, show genetic variation. Stenting is more complicated than the conventional rooting of cuttings. The graft union must be formed before root initiation.
Winter calloused hardwood cutting
When storing cuttings, wrap them in moist paper or pack them in moist material. Keep refrigerated in unheated building but avoid freezing. Burry cuttings upside down covered with tarps as Spring arrives there will be a callus formed on each and every one of the cuttings the callus is a white tissue that appears on the end of the cutting this where the roots will form from.
