Stock Plant

Question 1

Banding

Answer 1

Localized light exclusion: Black velcro (arrow) with an 
auxin talc is wrapped around the 
base of the etiolated shoots, 
which are gradually exposed to 
higher light irradiance. 

After the shoots green up, they
are removed and rooted under
mist as softwood cuttings.

Question 2

Blanching

Answer 2

Young shoots of a plant are covered to exclude light to prevent photosynthesis and the production of chlorophyll, and thus remain pale in color.
(Rhubarb or Cabbage)

Question 3

C:N Ratio

Answer 3

You want more carbs to nitrogen because carbs are what gives energy for the plant to grow and to continue to grow. High carbon to low nitrogen favors rooting used to heal wounds also. High Nitrogen favors shoot production.

Question 4

Chronological Age

Answer 4

The most recent growth otogenetically to least recent. For example, with a tree the most mature growth is up at the top of the tree while the least mature is at the bottom where the cone of juvenility is located.

Question 5

Cone of Juvenility

Answer 5

Is a cone‑shaped section of the plant located low on the stem.

adventitious root “suckers”, watersprouts (epicormic shoots), and sphaeroblasts. Stump sprouts result
from severe pruning, and shoots from heavily pruned or hedged bushes Rooting potential is highest from
these structures close to the cone of juvenility.

Question 6

Epicormic Shoots

Answer 6

Shoot growing from an epicormic bud which lies underneath the bark of a trunk, stem, stem, or branch of a plant. Usually juvenile.

Question 7

Etiolation

Answer 7

Stock plants are manipulated to maximize the rooting
potential prior to taking cuttings.

Scheme for 
etiolated softwood 
cutting propagation 
using Velcro fabric 
strips as the 
blanching material. 

Black velcro (arrow) with an 
auxin talc is wrapped around the 
base of the etiolated shoots, 
which are gradually exposed to 
higher light irradiance. 

After the shoots green up, they
are removed and rooted under
mist as softwood cuttings.

Question 8

Girdling

Answer 8

Stock plants are manipulated to maximize the rooting
potential prior to taking cuttings.

Girdling shoots of stock 
plants prior to taking 
cuttings has been used 
successfully to propagate 
difficult-to-root cuttings.

Question 9

Hedging

Answer 9

Stock plants are manipulated to maximize the rooting
potential prior to taking cuttings.

(a) maintenance of juvenility to 
improve rooting. 
(b) plant shaping for easier and 
faster collection of propagules. 
(c) increased cutting production. 
(d) timing of flushes. 
(e) reducing reproductive shoots.

Question 10

Immunology Tests or ELISA

Answer 10

Used to identify disease. The wells will turn a color if there is pathogen present in the organism. Test strips to detect disease.

Question 11

Juvenile

Answer 11

Juvenile tends to have the fastest. Thorniness protects from animal grazing, people too. Ability to regenerate adventitious roots. Autumn leaf retention holds leaves longer into the Fall.

Question 12

Mature

Answer 12

When the plant flowers and fruits. The leaf shape may also change as well in size and shape.

Question 13

Phase Change

Answer 13

Change in the plant from juvenile to mature. Such as the seedling the most juvenile part of the plant and then flowering to the mature portion of the plant.

Question 14

Ontogenetic Age

Answer 14

The origin of development from juvenile to mature in the plant.

Question 15

Reversion

Answer 15

Hedging – pruning back stock plants to maintain juvenility promotes vigorous non-flowering growth.

Question 16

Seasonal time for rooting

Answer 16

Some cutting from the same stock plant may root while others may not. There may be a ‘best time’ to take cuttings from the plant. Rooting of cuttings is affected by many variables. Some plants have different rooting ability at different times of the year. A few weeks difference in taking of cuttings may produce success or failure. Woody plants are especially influenced by timing. After a certain age, often years, some plants may even have difficulty producing cutting viable to produce roots.

Question 17

Sphaeroblast

Answer 17

A woody spheroid outgrowth on a tree, sometimes called a burr, common on beech (Fagus sylvatica).

Question 18

Stock blocks

Answer 18

should be isolated
from production areas and must be inspected
routinely for DMV symptoms throughout the
year, since symptom expression varies with the
time of year and species affected.

Question 19

Stooling

Answer 19

Throws up shoots from the roots. Cutting back a plant to or near the ground level in order to reduce new growth.

Question 20

Stump sprouts

Answer 20

Drastic pruning will induce stump sprouts that arise near root-shoot junction-very susceptible to vectors/diseases.

Question 21

Thermotherapy

Answer 21

Plants held at 100F for 4-6 weeks to sterilize the virus possibilities-outgrowing the virus.

Question 22

Tissue culture virus clean-up

Answer 22

Stock plants only. Take cutting put on agar dish then test tube it from the growth in the culture dish looking for bacteria/disease and fungi growth if found throw it out and re-start.

Question 23

Topophysis

Answer 23

Cuttings taken from lateral branches tend to grow laterally/horizontal they remember their original orientation.

Question 24

Virus indexing

Answer 24

Not always apparent. Grafts can unmask the virus. Bud from diseased plant-graft on index plant then look for the symptoms.

Question 25

Wounding and rooting

Answer 25

Root production on stem cuttings can be promoted by wounding the base of the cutting. ``` This has proved useful in a number of species, such as juniper, arborvitae, rhododendron, maple, magnolia, and holly. ```