Vocabulary List Exam 3 Flashcards
inotropic
modification (usually done with drugs) of force or speed of muscle contraction
regurgitation
a mixture of food and gastric acids that have been previously been ingested is brought back up through the esophagus
hypertrophic
tissue becoming thickened (especially in relation to the heart)
robust
having strength
pericardial friction rub
grating to-and-fro sound when the heart rubs against the pericardium
dyspnea
difficulty breathing
spontaneous
sudden change
diaphoresis
sweating to an unusual degree
subcutaneous emphysema
de novo generation or infiltration of air underneath the dermal layers of skin
impede
to slow something down or prevent an activity from making progress at its previous rate
mean pressure
average arterial pressure throughout one cardiac cycle, systole, and diastole
pulsatile mass
weakening of the wall of the abdominal aorta
obstruction
something that is blocking a path
cholecystectomy
surgery to remove gallbladder
opthalmologic
branch of medical science that deals with the structure, function, and diseases of the eye
circumoral
pertaining to the area of the face around the mouth
hemosiderin deposits
capillaries beginning to leak
prioritizes
putting one task above another
excitability
readily roused into action or a state of excitement or irritability
hydrostatic
relating to fluids at rest or to the pressures they exert or transmit
osmotic
the process in plants and animals by which a liquid moves gradually from one part of the body to another through a membrane
exudative
to ooze or spread
non-transudative
does not pass through membranes
elastase
digestive enzyme made by pancreas
hereditary
characteristic determined by genetic factors
alpha1-antitrypsin
inhibits the neutrophil elastase activity in the lung and hence can protect it from proteolytic damage
euglycemia
blood glucose in a normal range
endothelial
single cell layer that lines the blood vessels
resistance
ability to withstand something
pharmokinetics
associated with the movement of drugs within the body
stenosis
narrowing
rupture
break or burst suddenly
coarse crackles
low pitched lung sounds
cardiomegaly
various conditions leading to enlargement of the heart
hepatomegaly
enlargement of liver beyond normal size
tachypnea
abnormally rapid breathing
anatomic shunt
blood that goes from the right to the left side of the heart without traversing pulmonary capillaries
exacerbation
worsening
viscous
having a thick consistent
midline
dividing body (or organs) into right and left sides
adhesive
to stick
sarcoidosis
immune system overreacts and cell form clusters of inflamed tissue called “granulomas”
asymptomatic
to not show symptoms
administration
to give something (particularly medication)
hypopigmentation
low amounts of melanin
tracheal deviation
pressure in the chest cavity causing the trachea to shift to one side
intolerance
exceptional sensitivity
colloid
mixture of small particles distributed evenly throughout another substance
pleural
serous membrane
malignant pleural effusion
direct extension of cancer into the pleural space
transudative
slow escape of liquids from blood vessels through pores or breaks in cell membranes
proteases
enzyme that breaks down proteins and peptides
deficiency
lack
mediators
chemical agent that takes an active part in the development in the inflammatory response
permeability
velocity of a passage
pulmonary congestion
fluid building up in lungs
perfusion
passage of bodily fluids through the organs or lymph system
peripheral
away from center
dentition
arrangement or condition of teeth in a particular species
non-rebreather mask
mask that delivers high concentration of oxygen
productive cough
cough that brings up mucous or phlegm
orthopnea
shortness of breath while lying flat
end-organ vascular damage
lethal organ damage
free radical injury
exposure to toxic chemicals causing injury
tachypnea
abnormally excessive breathing rate
stimulus
the cause of start
abdominal ascites
fluid collecting in the abdomen
pitting edema
excess fluid causing a pit in the skin when pressed down on
bronchospasms
muscles that line the airway tighten
corticosteroids
anti-inflammatory
stiffening of lungs causing increased resistance
using accessory muscles to breath
empyema
collection of pus in the pleural cavity
chylothorax
lymph formed in the digestive system accumulates in the chest cavity
acyanotic
when the blood contained enough oxygen but is pumped abnormally around the body
compression elastic stockings
improves blood flow in the veins through legs
ambulation
the ability to walk with out assistance
flank pain
pain below the rib and above the ilium
stridor
high pitched lung sounds
systolic murmur
a heart sound that starts during or after the first heart sound and before or during the second heart sound
portal hypertension
increased pressure within the portal venous system
claudication
muscle pain due to lack of oxygen that is relieved at rest and aggravated with activity
alpha-fetoprotein
screening product for down syndrome
latent
hidden, dormant, inactive
zygomatic fracture
disarticulation of the zygomatic bone at the zygomaticofrontal suture
ataxic respiratory pattern
an irregular respiratory rate, rhythm, and depth with or without brief respiratory pauses less than 10 seconds, or a repeating pattern of several breaths
incubation/medical ventilation
a tube goes down a patient’s windpipe to assist with breathing
tachycardia
abnormally elevated heart rate
deoxygenated hemoglobin
hemoglobin without bound oxygen
real hypertrophy/hyperplasia
increase in cell mass; increase in number of cells
dyspnea
difficulty breathing
cyanosis
skin turning blue due to lack of oxygenated blood
ventilation
assistance breathing
reflex bradycardia
bradycardia (decrease in heart rate) in response to the baroreceptor reflex
distended neck veins
bulging of major neck veins
catecholamine
motor control, cognition, emotion, memory processing, and endocrine modulation
epinephrine
neurotransmitter and hormone
lung compliance
the change in volume in the lungs for a given change in transpulmonary or transmural pressure
hemothorax
blood collecting in the pleural space
hydrothorax
fluid collecting in the pleural space
intermittent pneumatic compression boots
improve lower leg circulation
fluid restriction
limited amount of liquids a patient can drink daily
pallor
unhealthy pale appearence
palpitations
feelings or sensations that your heart is pounding or racing
effusion
a buildup of fluid between the layers of tissue that line the lungs and chest cavity.
exertional dyspnea
difficulty breathing with exertion
syncope
passing out or fainting
petechia
pinpoint, round spots on the skin
cancer mareker CA-125
levels over 35u/ml indicate cancer
thrombin and procoagulants
clotting factors
disparity
unequal treatment of patients on the basis of race or ethnicity, and sometimes on the basis of gender or other patient characteristics.
