Vocabulary Chapter 11 Flashcards
Aimee’s Law
Aimee Williard was raped and killed by a parolee. Forces states to be financially liable if they release an inmate and that person commits another felony in a different state.
Amnesty
A form of pardon typically “granted to a group or class of offenders.”
Capacity
The number of inmates a correctional facility can hold.
Clemency
Includes pardon, commutation, and amnesty.
Commutation
When the executive (i.e., president, governor) or a board of pardons, reduces the sentence of a person convicted of a crime.
Collective Incapacitation
A tendency to incarcerate everyone who is convicted of a crime no matter how minor.
Conditional Release
A person is released from correctional custody as long as the individual meets certain criteria.
Design Capacity
The number of inmates that a correctional faciliy was designed to hold (by planners, designets, architects)
NIMBY (Not In My Back Yard)
The idea that residents, property owners in an area do not support having correctional facilities built near their homes, places of work, or children’s schools.
Jail Barge
A way of housing inmates on reconditioned ships. Popular in New York City during the 1990s. Boats would be docked around Manhattan and moved if neighbors complained.
Operational Capacity
The number of inmates can be effectively handled based on the amount of prison staff, programs, and services available.
Pardon
Nullifies an original sentence and can occur while an offender is incarcerated, or while on probation/parole.
Prison Abolition
The goal of a social movement dedicated to eradicating parts and/or the entire current punishment system (i.e., jails, prisons and other correctional facilities).
Rated Capacity
The number of prisoners or beds a facility can handle as judged by a qualified expert who is responsible for making the determination.
Selective Incapacitation
Only individuals who may become a career criminal or would benefit from incarceration receive jail/prison sentence as determined by a judge.
