Vocabulary - Ancient Greece and Persia Flashcards
Unit 1
Phalanx
Group of soldiers arranged in a square
Democracy
A government that gives people the power to rule themselves
Hellenistic
Related to Greek history and culture
Alliance
An agreement formed between groups to work together
Direct Democracy
A form of democracy that allows all citizens to directly participate in government
Peloponnesian War
A long-term war between Athens and Sparta that resulted in Sparta’s victory
Acropolis
A high hill that housed the fortress of the city-state
Representative Democracy
A form of democracy where citizens choose government officials to represent them
Pericles
Leader of Ancient Greece who promoted democracy
Alexander the Great
Macedonian King who expanded his empire across parts of three continents
Darius I
Persian leader who improved society with political organization, art, road construction, and more
Polis
City-state
Cyrus the Great
Perisan leader who conquered a large amount of territory to form the world’s largest empire at that time
Empire
Territories and groups of people under a single rule
Province
A territory
Persian Wars
A series of wars between Persia and Greece
Athens
Greek city-states where democracy was first created
Olympics
Sporting competition held every four years, originally in honor of Zeus
Sparta
Greek city-state that became a military society
Citizen
Someone who has the right to participate in government
Oligarchy
A type of government where power is shared with a small group of people
Tyranny
A type of government that uses force to rule
Mycenaeans
The first Greeks who established colonies and built fortresses throughout Greece
Minoans
Group of expert shipbuilders that settled on the island of Crete
